Culture methods and matters needing attention of Ganoderma lucidum

Ganoderma lucidum is an extremely precious and rare material of traditional Chinese medicine. Ganoderma lucidum is of great benefit to the human body. As Ganoderma lucidum is expensive and rare, the cultivation of Ganoderma lucidum implies a good business opportunity. So what are the breeding methods and matters needing attention of Ganoderma lucidum?

I. planting methods

1. Choose the suitable cultivation period: in Taizhou City, Jiangsu Province, the most suitable cultivation period for Ganoderma lucidum is from April 10 to May 10, and after May 20, the bags are opened to produce Ganoderma lucidum. It is the rainy season from June to July every year, so it is necessary to ensure that all the bags of Ganoderma lucidum are opened before June 10, so that the growth of Ganoderma lucidum fruit body can be in a high temperature and humidity environment, so as to achieve high and stable yield.

2. The culture material should be fresh and dry: the culture material for cultivating Ganoderma lucidum should be especially fresh and dry. The fresh culture material is rich in nutrition and less in miscellaneous bacteria, which is beneficial to the germination of hyphae and inhibit the growth of miscellaneous bacteria.

3. Ventilation during the bacterial period: Ganoderma lucidum is a kind of aerobic fungus. In the process of cultivating Ganoderma lucidum, we must pay attention to ventilation. When making Ganoderma lucidum sticks, it is best to seal them with plastic and cotton plugs. For the bacterial bag with plastic rope, after the cover of the mycelium, micropores must be placed at both ends of the bag to ventilate.

4. Reasonable water spraying during the sesame period: during the growth of Ganoderma lucidum fruiting body, the air humidity of Ganoderma lucidum room is 85% Mel 95. Under the condition of suitable environmental temperature, too low humidity will make the fruiting body of Ganoderma lucidum thin, even ossified. The water management in the initial stage of fruiting body formation is mainly wall, bed frame, floor and space spraying. When the diameter of Ganoderma lucidum cap is larger than 3cm, it is necessary to increase the number of water spraying with the increase of ventilation rate, and spray it directly to Ganoderma lucidum 4 times a day.

5. It is appropriate to adopt the method of imitating wild cultivation: under the same cultivation conditions, wall-like wild cultivation can increase the yield by 20% and 30% compared with bag cultivation. Because when imitating wild cultivation, the soil contains the nutrients needed for the growth of Ganoderma lucidum, and the soil has good water holding capacity, which can provide suitable, sustainable and stable water conditions for the growth of Ganoderma lucidum. And the hyphae can exert their overall advantages by extending and growing in the soil.

II. Planting conditions

Ganoderma lucidum for nutrition requirements: Ganoderma lucidum is a saprophytic bacteria, which has a strong decomposition and absorption capacity for lignin, cellulose, hemicellulose and so on. Sawdust and some crop straws such as cottonseed hull, wheat bran, rice bran, corncob, rice straw and so on can be used as cultivation materials.

Ganoderma lucidum temperature requirements: Ganoderma lucidum is a high-temperature fungus, mycelium growth temperature range of 15-40 degrees Celsius, the most suitable temperature is 22-25 degrees Celsius, fruiting body development temperature 22-30 degrees Celsius, 25-28 degrees Celsius is the most suitable.

Humidity requirements of Ganoderma lucidum: during the mycelial growth stage, the air relative humidity is required to be 60% to 70%; during the fruiting body growth, the air relative humidity is 85% to 90%.

Ganoderma lucidum air requirements: Ganoderma lucidum is an aerobic fungus, carbon dioxide has a great impact on the growth of fruiting bodies. When the concentration of carbon dioxide reaches 0.1%, it can promote the elongation of stalk and inhibit the growth of cap; when it reaches 0.1% / 1%, the fruiting body can grow but form branches and antlers; when the concentration of carbon dioxide is more than 1%, the development of fruiting body is extremely abnormal.

Ganoderma lucidum requirements for light: Ganoderma lucidum is very sensitive to light in the process of growth and development. The hyphae do not like light and grow fastest under dark conditions without light. The differentiation and growth of fruiting bodies need strong scattered light. At 1500-5000 lux, the stalk and cap grow rapidly and sturdily, and the cap is relatively thick.

Matters needing attention

Ganoderma lucidum has a tough texture and needs to absorb a lot of lignin and cellulose in the process of growth. Using sawdust or cotton shell as the culture medium, due to the loose texture, the lignin in the matrix is easy to be decomposed by hyphae. If the use of wood blocks with coarse sawdust as the medium, the same volume contains more lignin, more gaps between wood blocks, good ventilation performance, conducive to the growth of Ganoderma lucidum, so high yield and high quality.

When Ganoderma lucidum is planted in indoor bags, a thick skin is easy to be formed on the surface of the tube, which makes it difficult to replenish water artificially and has a great impact on the yield of Ganoderma lucidum. Changing indoor cultivation to field soil mulching cultivation can better solve the problem of water replenishment of bacterial tube, which can absorb water and beneficial trace elements from soil, and it is easy to obtain high and stable yield. Coupled with the uniform distribution of light sources in the field, the Ganoderma lucidum flowers are large, round and bright, and the share of first-grade products is significantly higher than that indoors.

Mature Ganoderma lucidum is generally Lignified or keratinized, and the stalk is closely connected with the culture medium, and the fruiting body is broken directly by hand. The tube is seriously injured, which is disadvantageous to the growth of Ganoderma lucidum. At the same time, the wound is also easy to be infected by miscellaneous bacteria. Instead of picking Ganoderma lucidum to cut Zhi, picking with branch shears, the cut is smooth, and the handle base is not damaged. Ganoderma lucidum can use the head tide sesame stalk as the primordium to grow sesame buds quickly, reduce the interval time of tide and shorten the production cycle.

The cultivation of Ganoderma lucidum is still troublesome, if there is no certain technology of growers, it is best not to recommend planting.