How to pinch the tip and cross the beans

Beans are vegetables that we often eat. They are nutritious, simple to cook and taste good. They are adaptable and can be cultivated in open fields or protected fields. So, how to pinch and cross the beans?

First, how to pinch and cross the beans?

When the main vine grows the first inflorescence, all the lateral branches below the inflorescence should be removed, and the lateral branches above the inflorescence should be heart-picked, leaving 2 leaves at the base; when the main vine climbs full of support, it should top to promote the lower side branches to sprout flower buds.

2. Planting techniques of beans

1. Parcel selection

It is suitable to choose fertile and loose loam or sandy loam and rotate with legume crops for 2-3 years, but heavy soil or low-lying land with poor drainage should not be selected.

2. Sowing at the right time

After sowing beans in spring, the Beginning of Spring can sow seeds (February or March), and the suitable temperature is 20-32 ℃. Autumn sowing beans is usually in July (in fact, the sowing time is longer in June, July and August).

3. Planting management

(1) fertilization technology

Heavy application of base fertilizer: the base fertilizer is mainly based on the application of mature organic fertilizer, combined with appropriate compound fertilizer, such as Jinkai nitro compound fertilizer (15-15-15, 16-16-16) with high phosphorus and potassium content, the general recommended amount is 50-60kg/ mu, and deep into the soil.

Skillfully applying topdressing: beans need less fertilizer at the seedling stage, and heavy water is easy to cause overgrowth. In order to control the excessive growth of stems and leaves, promote reproductive growth, and prevent excessive growth leading to less flowers and fruits, the supply of fertilizer and water should be properly controlled. When the seedling potential is weak, Jinkai liquid seedling fertilizer can be applied, and 5kg can be applied per mu. In the podding stage, the fertilizer requirement of beans begins to increase. Jinkai nitro compound fertilizer 22-8-15 and 17-5-23 can be applied after flowering, usually 15-20kg each time. Top dressing of pods was applied once every two times, and 10kg was applied with Jinkai nitro compound fertilizer 22-8-15 and 17-5-23.

In order to prevent premature senescence of the plant, foliar fertilization with 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate should be carried out in the peak growth period, and attention should be paid to fertilizer and water management to promote the germination of lateral branches and the formation of lateral flower buds, and to make the original inflorescence on the main vine continue to bloom and bear pods.

(2) reasonable close planting

Sowing time should be determined according to different cultivation methods, such as greenhouse + small arch greenhouse + plastic film cultivation, can be sowed and raised seedlings in the middle or late of February, and nutrition bowl can be used to raise seedlings if possible. At the seedling stage, we should appropriately strengthen ventilation and reduce humidity to prevent the excessive humidity of the seedling bed from forming tall seedlings or the occurrence of quenching disease. It was planted in the greenhouse in the first and middle of March, the planting density was two rows per row, the plant spacing was 15-20 cm, and there were 3 plants in each hole. After planting, the planting mouth was sealed with soil. Or direct seeding in the greenhouse in early March, the plant spacing is 15-20 cm, and 3-4 seeds are sown in each hole. Open-field cultivation in Henan Province is generally suitable for sowing in late March.

4. Field management

Strengthen the temperature of the greenhouse and promote the early slowing down of seedlings. After planting in the greenhouse, the greenhouse was closed for 5-6 days, and the high greenhouse was maintained.

Warm, promote early slow seedling, in case of cold current, must be covered with grass curtain on the small arch shed to prevent frost injury, when the greenhouse temperature exceeds 30 ℃, it should be ventilated and cooled in time. In addition, it is necessary to build a fight in time and prune reasonably.

5. Pest control

Rust symptoms: yellow to rust-brown spots protruding from the back of the leaves, and reddish-brown powder in the later stage.

Rust prevention and control methods: timely removal of melon garden disease residues, reduce pathogens; establish a rotation system with non-melons; spray at the initial stage of the disease, the medication interval is 7-10 days, continuous prevention and treatment of 2 times 62.25% Xiansheng: wettable powder 6000 times liquid 40% Fuxing: EC 6000 times liquid 10 times high: water dispersible granules 1000 times liquid 15% triadimefon: 1000 times wettable powder solution.

In the process of planting beans, it is necessary to tip and cross, which can increase the yield and improve the quality.