What are the technical points of releasing bees in the orchard in spring?

Spring is a very important season in orchard management, and it is also the season when all things grow. During this period, the growth of fruit trees is very fast. If fruit trees want to pollinate and increase production, they will put some bees to increase the fruit rate, so what are the technical points of putting bees in the orchard in spring?

1. Technical points of bee release in orchard in spring

By releasing bees, fertilization can be promoted and the fruit setting rate of flowers can be significantly increased. Due to good fertilization, more seeds are formed in the fruit, which is beneficial to the fruit development and enlargement.

In general, 500 bees / hm2 and 3000 bees / hm2 are kept in the orchard. This technique is suitable for insect-pollinated tree species, but has no effect on wind-pollinated trees such as walnut and chestnut.

1. Pollination technology of releasing bees.

Releasing bees can replace artificial pollination, increase the yield by 38.9% to 66.0% compared with natural fruit setting, and save labor, trouble and production costs. At present, honeybees are mainly pollinated by honeybees all over the world. In order to make honeybee pollination exclusive, honey can be used to feed bees first, or the pollen of fruit trees can be sprayed with soaking water from fruit trees or the pollen of fruit trees that need pollination can be placed at the mouth of the beehive to improve the specificity of honeybee pollination. The beehive is placed in a spacious and high dry place facing the sun and leeward to facilitate the entry and exit of bees and improve the efficiency of collecting and pollination.

2. Wall bee pollination

The release time is generally released 5 days before the central flower blossoms. The cocoon is placed in a wide, flat carton with holes of 0.7cm diameter poked around the box for the bees to climb out. Spread the cocoon evenly in the box, and then put the carton in the hive. The bee cocoon can also be placed in the 5~6cm long Reed tube or paper tube with openings at both ends, with one bee cocoon in each tube and placed in the hive together with the bee tube.

After the cocoon was placed in the field, the wallbees bit through the cocoon shell one after another and came out of the nest in about 8 days. If you want to shorten the cocoon emergence time, the cocoons can be taken out at low temperature in advance and stored at room temperature for 2-3 days and then put into the field. If the wasp has broken its cocoon, it should be released in the evening to reduce the loss of the wasp. Generally, there are 60,150 cocoons per mu. The young orchards in the early fruit stage, the orchards with low fruit setting rate in the past years and the fruit year, put 100-150 bee cocoons. In orchards with high fruit setting rate over the years or fruit-bearing orchards, 60,120 bees are released per mu.

Matters needing attention in the management of orchards in spring

1. Pay attention to topdressing and watering. After the soil is thawed, the available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be applied, the whole hole should be watered and the soil should be loosened to preserve soil moisture. Topdressing and watering can meet the needs of physiological activities such as branching, leaf spreading and flowering of fruit trees.

2. Pay attention to shaving the old rough skin of the tree. The old rough bark of the tree is the overwintering parasitic ground of many germs and insect eggs. Scraping off the old rough skin before germination and burning it centrally can eliminate a large number of overwintering pests, reduce the base number of diseases and insect pests, and get twice the result with half the effort in pest control. Should pay more attention to the scraping treatment of rot disease, after scraping the disease spot timely smear thiamidone, octanomide, methyl thiophanate and other agents, a week later and then apply a drug to prevent recurrence. If the trunk or main branch exceeds the tree body 1 to 4, the major disease spot should be rejuvenated in time.

3. Pay attention to the use of chemicals to clear the garden. There are two main points to be grasped in clearing the garden. The first is to grasp the appropriate period of application. The second is to select the appropriate varieties of high-efficiency and low-toxic agents.