Key points of summer management of apple trees

The summer weather is very hot, the sun is very strong, the management of fruit trees during this period is also very critical. Apple trees are growing in summer, and if they are not managed properly, they will be attacked by diseases and insect pests or grow too much. Let's take a look at the management techniques of apple trees in the hot summer.

The flower bud of apple is formed in summer, the young fruit expands rapidly, diseases and insect pests occur frequently and the harm is serious, so it is necessary to do a good job of summer shearing and pest control.

1. Carry out summer cutting in time

Summer pruning is mainly to make up for the lack of winter pruning, specific methods can be used to pick the core, promote flowers, increase fruit setting rate, pull branch opening angle, short cut to promote crown expansion, twist shoot culture fruiting branches, thinning branches to improve light, cutting and peeling to ease growth and so on. In addition, the branches with large opening angle are easy to germinate and grow branches, and they are also easy to germinate and grow branches near the wound, which is easy to close the crown and consume nutrients, so it should be erased as soon as possible when it germinates. In June, the new shoots that are too dense should be upright, inclined, weak and strong, which can improve ventilation conditions and nutrient distribution. Enrich the posterior leaf buds to form flower buds.

2. Do a good job of bagging orchard management

Replenish calcium to bagged apples in time. Calcium deficiency in fruits can easily lead to some physiological diseases, such as bitter pox disease, water heart disease, fruit shrinkage disease, red spot disease and so on. Choose amino acid calcium or calcium nitrate leaf spray 2-3 times, in order to improve the absorption and utilization of calcium by fruit trees, add 0.3% boron fertilizer when spraying calcium.

Skillful use of fat water. Phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, humic acid organic fertilizer and special fertilizer for fruit trees containing micro-fertilizer were applied to control nitrogen fertilizer during the rapid expansion period and the early coloring stage (June-August), respectively. Depending on the age, strength, fertility and flexibility of the fruit, this fertilizer is also called stable fruit fertilizer. Generally, the ratio of N: P: K is 1: 1: 1.6, that is, 52 kg of urea per mu, 90 kg of calcium phosphate per mu and 65 kg of potassium sulfate per mu. Topdressing before and after rain or irrigation. Foliar fertilizer was sprayed for 3-4 times from June to September, using multi-element liquid compound fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and so on. Topdressing and spraying fertilizer in this period is not only the guarantee of high yield and high quality of apple in that year, but also the basis of stable yield of apple in the coming year, which must not be ignored.

Check the bag regularly and irregularly. After bagging, the growth of bagged fruits should be checked irregularly. Especially after each rainfall, unlock part of the fruit bag from different parts to see the fruit. For those with stagnant water in the bag and small aeration holes in the bag angle, scissors should be used to cut the bag angle properly and drain the air to reduce the humidity in the bag and prevent the occurrence of black and red spot disease.

3. Timely prevention and control of diseases and pests

The main pests in summer are red spiders, leaf rollers, aphids, beetles, star caterpillars, heart-eating insects and bugs and so on. The common diseases are early deciduous disease, ring disease, anthracnose, spot disease, mosaic disease, powdery mildew, rust and rot and so on.