The security problem of continuous increase in grain output can not be ignored.

"Food is the most important thing for the people, and food is based on food". Food has always played an indispensable role in the process of human survival and development. From the point of view of the world food supply, the grain output has been increasing. According to the forecasts of relevant departments, China's grain income is expected to increase again this year. This means that since 2004, China is expected to achieve "twelve consecutive increases" of grain.

The continuous growth of grain production is a gratifying good news, but behind this good news, the phenomenon of weak food consumption and the coexistence of food waste and loss has become a potential threat to food security. How to ensure food security is facing a new situation and test.

Food prices are weak and the security situation is still grim.

It is expected to achieve "12 consecutive increases" in grain this year, and if other external effects are not taken into account, this figure will allow us to temporarily relax our vigilance against food security. However, according to statistics, the grain loss caused by farmers' grain storage, storage, transportation and processing has reached more than 70 billion jin every year in China, such as missing harvester, burning and mildew, circulation, transportation and excessive polishing. close to 6% of the total grain output in the whole year.

From 2014 to 2015, the weakness of domestic grain consumption was mainly due to the slowdown in macroeconomic growth and the relative lack of domestic demand. At the same time, the recession in the manufacturing industry also led to a reduction in industrial grain demand. The weakness of consumer demand will expand the imbalance between supply and demand in China's grain market, the backlog of grain stocks will continue to expand, the downward pressure on grain prices will be great, and the elasticity of grain consumption prices is relatively low. therefore, in the future, against the continuous growth of grain supply, grain consumption will be in a state of 'downturn' for a long time. " Song Jiening, a consultant on agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fisheries, said in an interview with China Sankei News.

Zheng Fengtian, a professor at the School of Agriculture and Rural Development at Renmin University of China, also pointed out in an interview with China Sankei News: "the country's grain prices are relatively low, and the main reasons for the downturn are years of bumper harvests and high inventories." the state lowered the purchase price, resulting in weak grain prices. "

Take rice as an example, the domestic rice market consumer demand is still weak, the market purchase and sales activity is low, and the price trend has ups and downs. With the large number of new rice on the market, the supply of rice exceeds the demand, and the price of rice begins to decline. According to market monitoring, the wholesale price of ordinary late japonica rice produced in Anhui was 4.44 yuan / kg on October 20, down 0.06 yuan / kg, or 1.3%, compared with September 30; high quality late japonica rice produced in Jiangsu was 4.54 yuan / kg, down 0.06 yuan / kg, or 1.3%. The round late japonica rice produced in Heilongjiang was 4.96 yuan / kg, down 0.04 yuan / kg, or 0.8%, while the common late indica rice produced in Anhui was 3.96 yuan / kg, down 0.08 yuan / kg, down 2.0%. The long-grain fragrant rice produced in Heilongjiang was 5.80 yuan / kg, down 0.20 yuan / kg, or 3.3%. From the above monitoring data, it is not difficult to see that the average price of rice trading began to move down, and the rice price showed a steady decline, among which the northeast long-grain fragrant rice decreased significantly.

Food consumption and the relative weakness of prices have poured cold water on us, who are still immersed in the joy of a bumper harvest. In addition, Song Jiening also pointed out that due to the increasing cost of grain cultivation in China, domestic grain prices have been 'upside down' with international prices for a long time, resulting in the annual growth of domestic grain. The scale of imported grain still shows a trend of sustained growth; the extensive growth model of relying on the expansion of arable land and the input of large amounts of pesticides, chemical fertilizers and other means of production The grain structure is unreasonable, farming is concentrated on a few varieties, the development level of grain processing industry is relatively low, grain utilization efficiency is not high, and these conditions will aggravate the situation of food security in our country. "

It is urgent to pay attention to food security.

China is a country with a large population, a gradual decrease in the area of arable land, rising prices of agricultural means of production, rising costs for farmers to grow grain, lack of water resources, serious environmental pollution, and food waste still exists. Therefore, if we want to strengthen food security, we must proceed from the actual situation. With China's industrialization, urbanization, informationization and agricultural modernization, grain costs such as labor, agricultural machinery operations, land transfer costs, seeds, fertilizers and pesticides are rising, and a series of problems have emerged in the process of grain production. These problems have also sounded the alarm for us. In order to ensure China's food security, we must have long-term planning and dynamic countermeasures.

In this regard, Song Jiening said: "as a country with a large population, the issue of food security has a bearing on China's national security. The issue of food security should not only be measured by the degree of food self-sufficiency, but should also be viewed from the perspective of development. While increasing production, it can also change the mode of grain production, improve grain utilization efficiency, and enhance the international competitiveness of grain."

On how to ease China's food security situation, Song Jiening pointed out: "first of all, the state should speed up the price reform of agricultural products and promote the marketization of the production and marketing of agricultural products; second, adjust the grain planting structure and adopt grain rotation to improve the diversity of grain varieties; finally, when the government guides the grain market, it should not be limited to the domestic market, but should also include the international grain market."

In addition, the report on the development of China's food security from 2014 to 2015 also gives corresponding suggestions on how to alleviate the problem of food security, under the policy of basically relying on domestic food supply and utilization of two kinds of resources. It is necessary to regulate and control grain import and export from such aspects as establishing an international grain situation database, strengthening international grain cooperation, establishing the goal of self-sufficiency rate for different varieties, strengthening policy coordination with transportation departments, and encouraging some grain varieties to increase their exports.

Professor Zheng Fengtian said, "now farmers can't make money growing grain, and grain prices have been lowered, which has dealt a big blow to farmers." Subjectively speaking, grain prices have entered an era of high prices, but with the increase of various costs, it has been difficult to arouse people's enthusiasm for growing grain, so grain prices can be adjusted within an appropriate range. so as to promote grain production and a sense of conservation.

In addition, in order to alleviate the phenomenon of food waste and wastage, strengthening infrastructure construction can not be underestimated. At present, in addition to digging wells and digging ditches, hardening field roads, planning power grids and forest networks, building high-standard grain fields, and improving the basic conditions of agricultural production, various localities have also increased technical support and capital investment in grain storage, transportation and processing, improved grain storage conditions for farmers, developed new technologies suitable for farmers to store grain, accelerated the construction of grain circulation system, and reduced transportation and transportation losses. In addition, warehousing logistics is an intermediate link between production and consumption. In order to reduce food waste in the process of transportation, the state also needs to make greater efforts to promote advanced trial warehousing, loading and unloading, transportation technology and equipment. It is urgent to carry out scientific research on grain storage and change the concept of grain storage.

Grain is the foundation of all industries, and behind the increase in grain production, we should always bear in mind that there is still a long way to go to ensure food security.