What are the symptoms of pepper bacterial wilt?

Pepper bacterial wilt is a kind of bacterial disease transmitted through soil. The main way of invasion of the pathogen is through the wound of crop root. So, what are the symptoms of pepper bacterial wilt?

What are the symptoms of pepper bacterial wilt?

The main symptoms are rapid browning, wilting and death of the plant, and the stems and leaves remain green. The browning part of the diseased stem was squeezed by hand and milky white bacteria was excreted.

2. Incidence conditions of pepper bacterial wilt

The disease mostly occurs in continuous cropping fields and alluvial soil fields with high groundwater level and high humidity. The bed soil should be disinfected and changed in time, and the rotation should be carried out in a planned way. at the same time, grafting cultivation should be adopted to prevent it. Once a diseased plant is found, it should be removed and burned immediately.

III. Incidence regularity of pepper bacterial wilt

The pathogen mainly overwintered in the soil with the disease residue. In the following spring, the overwintering pathogen spread with the help of Rain Water and irrigation water, invaded from the wound, incubated and propagated for a long time, to the adult stage under the condition of high temperature and humidity, expanded upward, and propagated in the ducts of vascular bundles, resulting in blockage of ducts or cell poisoning, causing leaves to wilt. The bacteria can also enter the adjacent parenchyma cells through the catheter, resulting in water-immersed irregular spots on the stem. When the soil temperature reached 20 ℃, the disease center appeared, and the incidence peak appeared at 25 ℃. It clears up after a long or heavy rain, the temperature rises sharply, and the illness aggravates.

4. Control methods of pepper bacterial wilt

(1) Agricultural prevention and control

1. Implement crop rotation. Planned rotation can effectively reduce the content of bacteria in soil and reduce the occurrence of diseases.

2. Improve the soil.

3. Optimize the cultivation mode. The cultivation method of high ridge or half-high ridge is adopted to match the field ditch system to reduce the field humidity and to increase the application of phosphorus, calcium and potassium fertilizer to promote crop growth, improve disease resistance and reduce the occurrence of bacterial wilt.

4. Cultivate strong seedlings. Using nutrition bowl, fertilizer ball and hotbed to raise seedlings to cultivate short and strong seedlings in order to enhance the disease resistance and disease tolerance of crops.

5. Spraying micro-fertilizer. Spraying micro-fertilizer can promote the growth and development of vascular bundles and improve the resistance and tolerance of plants.

(2) Pesticide control

100-200mg/kg agricultural streptomycin or neophytomycin or 4% pyrimidine nucleoside antibiotics or high-tech metalaxyl can be used to irrigate the root. Each plant was infused with 0.25-0.5kg once every 10-15 days for 2-3 times. At the same time, the solution should be sprayed, such as: 500x solution of 50% green EC, 300x solution of 14% chelate copper water, 30x solution of carbendazim, 4% pyrimidine nucleoside antibiotics, 77x solution of killing wettable powder, 500x solution of 50%DTM wettable powder or 4000 times solution of 72% agricultural streptomycin wettable powder. Spraying once every 7-10 days, spraying continuously for 2-3 times, the control effect of pepper bacterial wilt was significant.

The pathogen of pepper bacterial wilt invaded the crop and entered the vascular bundle, and blocked the transport system through proliferation, so that water could not enter the stems and leaves and caused bacterial wilt. Once the bacteria enter the vascular bundle, it is difficult to remove. Therefore, prevention is the key to the prevention and control of bacterial wilt in production.