How to grow rice

Rice, which is commonly known as rice, is the staple food of nearly half of the world's population. There are also many areas where rice is grown in our country, so how to grow rice?

How to grow rice?

In order to plant rice, we should first prepare the soil, then raise seedlings, transplant seedlings according to a certain distance after the completion of seedling cultivation, and carry out weeding, pest control, fertilization, watering and other management in the process of rice growth.

1. Land preparation

The soil of the rice field must be turned over before planting rice, and this process is divided into rough ploughing, fine ploughing and leveling. In the past, animal power and ploughing tools, mainly buffaloes, were used to prepare and plow the fields, or use machines.

2. Raising seedlings

First, seedlings are cultivated in a certain field, which is often called a rice field. After sowing rice seeds, farmers mostly sprinkle a layer of rice husk ash on the soil. In modern times, special seedling centers use seedling boxes to make rice seedlings grow. Good rice seedlings are the key to the success of rice cultivation. When the seedlings grow about eight centimeters high, they can be planted.

3. Transplanting rice seedlings

The seedlings are carefully inserted into the rice fields in an orderly manner. The traditional method of transplanting rice seedlings uses a seedling rope, a seedling mark or a transplanter. When transplanting rice seedlings by hand, a seedling splitter is worn on the thumb of the left hand to help farmers separate the seedlings and plant them into the soil. The climate of transplanting rice seedlings is very important, such as heavy rain will damage the seedlings. In modern times, there are many transplanters to transplant rice seedlings, but in the rice fields where the land is undulating and the shape is not square, manual transplanting is still needed. The seedlings generally run north-south. There is also a more convenient way to throw seedlings.

4. Fertilization

When the seedlings are high and grow the first rice stem, it is called the dividing stage, during which fertilizer is often needed to make the rice seedlings grow healthily and promote the fullness and quantity of spike rice in the future.

5. Weeding and pest control

When the seedlings grow, they have to be taken care of at all times, and weeds are pulled out, and sometimes pesticides are needed to get rid of pests (such as Oncomelania hupensis).

6. Watering

Rice depends on this procedure. If upland rice is a dry field, the process of irrigation and drainage is different, but it is generally necessary to strengthen water irrigation after transplanting, when young ears are formed, and at heading and flowering stage.

II. Pest control of rice

The three major diseases of rice are rice blast, bacterial blight and sheath blight. Other important diseases include rice false smut, evil seedling disease, downy mildew and so on. The root cause of disease epidemic and outbreak is the increase of the proportion of high-quality susceptible varieties, the increase of physiological races of pathogens, and the change of tillage and cultivation system, which is beneficial to the occurrence and harm of diseases.