Cultivation techniques of Cold Onion in Fengxian County

Cold onion, also known as onion, is a plant for both medicine and food. Its stems and leaves can be eaten. In recent years, Jiangsu Province Xuzhou City Feng County has introduced cultivation. The following small series will explain the cultivation techniques of cold onion in Feng County.

1. Sowing seedlings

After sowing, the seeds are covered with 1.5 cm of soil. Because the seeds should sprout in the spring of the second year, in order to keep moisture and prevent weeds from growing, the top should be covered with straw or straw 10 cm. In order to prevent underground pests, 45% phoxim EC 1000 times solution was applied after covering soil. Summer sowing can be carried out to reduce land occupation time.

Before sowing, the seeds should be stored in sand: in early May, the seeds should be soaked for 24 hours and mixed with wet sand according to the volume ratio of 1:3. The humidity of sand should be held by hand into a group and loosened immediately. Dig shallow pits in the leeward sun, cover them with soil 10 cm above, and cover them with straw 10 cm to moisturize. Pay attention to frequent observation and sow seeds in early July before germination. In the spring of the following year, the straw cover is removed after melting snow. Pay attention to weeding in time after emergence, and water when drought occurs. Quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer can be applied, but the amount of fertilizer should be small, urea 2 g/m2 with water application, topdressing 2-3 times. 2-year-old seedlings wither on the ground in autumn or transplant in spring of next year. It can be planted in ridges or ridges, with row spacing of (8-10) cm ×10 cm. Planting takes place after 1-2 years of growth.

II. Planting management

1. Land selection and preparation: select sparse woodland or farmland with high groundwater level for shade cultivation. Can be ridge or border cultivation. Soil preparation is deeply ploughed by 20- 25cm, decomposed organic fertilizer is applied by 20- 30t/ha, and ammonium phosphate is mixed by 300- 400kg/ha.

2. Planting: 3 or 4 year old seedlings are planted. Asexual reproduction adopts seedling planting. Autumn or spring planting, autumn planting is appropriate. Low ridge (height 8-10 cm) planting, ridge spacing 60 cm, plant spacing 35-40 cm.

3. Shade: shade after emergence or when leaves are unfolded, regardless of the cultivation form. 40-50% shading net can be used for shading. Shade time in Jilin Province from early May to early August. Shading must be carried out during seedling period (1-3 years) and transplanting year, and the shade degree is 50%. Shading degree at mature stage was 40%.

III. Recovery management

5-6 Harvest can be carried out after the age. There are three types of harvesting: the first is to harvest the whole plant, i.e. dig out the whole pier; the second is to harvest the leaves, i.e. harvest 1-2 leaves from each branch after leaf expansion, which can be harvested every year; and the third is to harvest the aboveground after leaf expansion. After harvest, the plant still produces new leaves, but the leaves become thinner and smaller, and the growth becomes weaker. The leaves return to normal in the second year after harvest, but the leaves are still slightly smaller, so they need to be harvested in the next year.

According to "Qianjin·Food Treatment" records, cold onion is slightly warm, spicy and nontoxic. Returning to lung meridian, it has pungent, scattered, warm and fragrant, and can be used for cold, vomiting and distension. It is a famous medicinal herb, planting can bring good economic benefits.