Introduction of high-yield cultivation techniques of walnut!

Walnut is one of the four major nuts with high nutritional and medicinal value. Walnut is planted in many areas of our country. Let's learn about the high-yield cultivation techniques of walnut.

High-yield cultivation techniques of Walnut

1. Select a place

Choose sandy loam, light loam or loam with good drainage, sunny slope or semi-slope with sufficient light, sandy loam, light loam or loam with good permeability at leeward and sunny foothills, gentle slopes or well-drained gullies at an altitude of 800m-1800 m, and the groundwater level is below 2 meters. It is necessary to do a good job of soil preparation and fertilization before planting, dig holes in autumn and winter, and apply mature farm manure and phosphate fertilizer.

two。 Selection of species

The varieties with good quality and yield have strong branches, full buds, no diseases and insect pests, intact main roots and lateral roots, and strong stress resistance. And it should be most suitable for the local planting environment.

3. Planting

Select 1-2-year-old walnut seedlings for planting, cut off the residual roots of the seedlings, put them in the center of the pit, stretch the roots and straighten them. When filling the soil, hold the position below the grafting interface of the seedlings by hand to gently lift the seedlings upward and firmly, so as to achieve "three burial, two steps and one lift". Cover the soil and cultivate the tree plate, that is, build a tree plate 15-25 cm high on the surface of the pit and pour enough water into the root. The time is from defoliation in autumn to planting before germination in the following spring, and planting in cloudy days after rain is the best.

4. Fertilizer application

Young walnut trees had better apply fertilizer in a ring, dig a ring ditch around the trunk along the edge of the crown, mix fertilizer and topsoil into the ditch, and then cover the bottom soil. Adult trees are fertilized radially or in burrows. In addition, topdressing can be carried out properly before flowering, during the period of young fruit expansion and fruit hard seed, and foliar fertilizer can be sprayed at flowering stage, shoot speed period, flower bud differentiation stage and after harvest.

5. Pruning

Generally speaking, young walnut trees are not pruned in the year when they are planted. After 3-4 years of forming, cut off the inferior branches, overdense branches, cross branches, drooping branches and disease and insect branches to ensure ventilation and light inside and outside the tree. The fruiting branches of the trees should be cultivated and rejuvenated. For the young trees that have reached the fixed stem height, the buds are cut short at the fixed stem height after sprouting in spring, and the bud is 1-2 cm away from the cut, and all the new shoots germinated below the plastic belt are wiped off.

Walnut trees are vulnerable to anthracnose, branch blight, aphids and moth leaf-eating pests during cultivation. Growers must spray pesticides in advance to prevent them, and several kinds of diseased branches must be destroyed to clean up the garden.