What are the common diseases and insect pests of eggplant? What are the prevention and control measures?

Eggplant is one of the common vegetables in daily life, because its taste and taste are good, and it has high nutritional value, so there is a large market demand. In recent years, many farmers have chosen eggplant as the main vegetable, and also got a relatively good income. Once eggplant is attacked by diseases and insect pests, it has a great impact on the yield and quality of the fruit stage. What are the common diseases and insect pests of eggplant? What are the prevention and control measures?

What are the common diseases and insect pests of eggplant?

Eggplant diseases mainly include quenching, brown stripe, Fusarium wilt, cotton blight, bacterial wilt, Verticillium wilt and so on. Eggplant pests are mainly aphids, mites, thrips, eggplant borer, eggplant 28 ladybug, red spiders and so on.

1. Sudden collapse disease

It occurs at the seedling stage, the seedlings are watery near the base of the soil surface, and then shrink into a linear shape, the cotyledons have not withered, and the seedlings have fallen to the surface.

2. Fusarium wilt

The leaves of eggplant Fusarium wilt plants gradually turn yellow and wilt from the bottom up, and most of the symptoms are on the first-and second-layer branches, sometimes only one half of the same leaf turns yellow, and the other half is healthy as usual. The diseased stem is engraved horizontally, and the vascular bundle of the diseased part is brown.

3. Brown streak

Leaf disease spot began to be water-stained spot, gradually developed into brown wheel pattern, the edge of gray-white on the small black spot, the stem spot is diamond-shaped, the fruit spot is also a small black spot, the disease spot from yellow to brown.

4. Cotton blight

Under the condition of high humidity, the fruit appeared waterlogged round disease spot, then became brown and sunken, sometimes dense woolly white mold, and finally rotted and fell off.

5. Aphids

If the aphids invade the eggplant, the leaves will turn yellow, wrinkle and curl, the tender stems and pedicels will bend and deform, the growth and flowering will be inhibited, and the serious ones will wither and die.

Second, what are the control measures of common diseases and insect pests in eggplant?

1. Select disease-resistant varieties, sow in time, strengthen fertilizer and water management, enhance plant growth, and control aphids, thrips, whitefly and other pests in time.

2. Select highland planting, reasonable close planting, reasonable irrigation; timely drainage after rain, maintain ventilation and ventilation; timely control of aphids and whitefly.

3. Increase the application of organic fertilizer, potash fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer to increase the tree potential; remove the residual flowers and diseased fruits in time and bury them deeply or burn them; covering plastic film can prevent the ascomycetes of the bacteria from being unearthed.

4. Disinfect the seeds before sowing, soak the seeds in 55 ℃ warm water for 15 minutes, then cool them in cold water and accelerate germination. Or use 50% carbendazim wettable powder + 50% thiram wettable powder 1 part each, mix 3 parts of fine soil, mix seeds according to 0.3% seed weight.

Soak the seeds in 55 ℃ warm water for 15 minutes or 52 ℃ warm water for 30 minutes before sowing, then cool them in cold water and accelerate germination.

5. Do a good job in field management, remove residual flowers and diseased fruits in time, and concentrate on burying or burning them.

The above is the answer to the question of what are the common diseases and insect pests of eggplant and what are the control measures. I hope it will be helpful to you.