What are the planting techniques of mulberry with both fruit and leaves?

At first, fruit mulberry is for the purpose of picking leaves and raising silkworms, without mulberry fruit or small mulberry fruit, can not form large-scale production. Later, a series of mulberry varieties with large fruit shape and high yield were cultivated, which are suitable to be popularized all over the country. Do you know the planting techniques of fruit mulberry with rich nutrition and delicious taste?

First, the choice of fruit mulberry park

1. Environmental selection

First of all, the mulberry orchard should choose the land without air and water pollution to prevent the pollution of mulberry fruit by human production and daily life waste, so as to ensure the quality of mulberry fruit. Second, it is necessary to leave polluting buildings, such as brick kilns and other polluting factories and roads, in order to prevent mulberry fruits from being contaminated and reduce their quality and economic benefits. According to the current market requirements, it is very important to ensure the quality of fresh fruits. When carrying out pollution-free production, it is necessary to choose the address of the park according to the environmental conditions of pollution-free fruit producing areas.

2. Soil selection

Mulberry orchards had better be built in fields with deep soil, loose structure, fertile soil and convenient drainage and irrigation. However, the requirement of land for fruit mulberry is not very strict. Soil pH can grow normally in the range of 4.5-9, but the growth of soil pH is the best in the range of 6-7.

In addition, the planting land of fruit mulberry should be concentrated as far as possible, so as to facilitate later management, there should be convenient traffic conditions, which is conducive to the transportation of fresh fruit.

II. Shaping and pruning

The planted mulberry seedlings are generally truncated and dried at the 25cm of plant height. After germination, each plant can germinate 5-6 new shoots, and when the new shoots grow to 15-20cm, they can pick out the heart to promote lateral branches and increase the crown. If there are too few branches at one time, you can pick the heart 2-3 times repeatedly to ensure that 10-15 fruiting mother branches are extracted in the same year, which is the key to ensure high yield in the second year.

At the end of May or the beginning of June in the second year, when the mulberry fruit is ripe and harvested, it needs to be pruned in summer combined with shaping, and all the fruiting mother branches retain 2-3 buds to promote the germination of new shoots, which can be used as the fruiting mother branches in the next year. The short time should be early rather than late, which can ensure that the new shoots have sufficient time to grow and accumulate nutrients for flower bud differentiation.

Every year, the mulberry fruit is cut short after harvest, gradually forming a low-dry tree. When pruning in winter, all the weak branchlets and rotten insect branches germinated in summer should be cut off from the base, and the retained fruiting mother branches should be truncated properly, generally cutting off the tip 15-20cm growth part that is not full and full.

Third, wipe the buds and pick the heart

When more than two-year-old trees are put into production, the sprouting time is usually in late March, wiping out the adventitious buds germinating on the trunk and the weak buds at the base of the fruiting mother branches. When there are about 6 new leaves at the top of the branch, the coring time is in late April or early May, which is beneficial to vegetative growth to reproductive growth, enhance sunlight and improve fruit quality. (note: this work can be done or not)

IV. Planting management

1. Irrigation

The water requirement period of fruit mulberry is mainly in the germination period in spring and after shearing in summer. If drought occurs in these two periods, water should be replenished in time if possible.

2. Fertilization

After summer shearing, 50 kg of carbamide or 20 kg of urea were applied per mu; 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution was sprayed on the leaves at the initial flowering stage and young fruit stage, respectively. Both sides of the leaves should be sprayed, because the absorption rate of dicotyledons on the reverse side of the leaf is 5 times higher than that of the positive side. At this time, fertilization can increase the sugar content of the fruit, promote early ripening, make the mulberry fruit big and colorful, and increase the yield steadily.

Prevention and control of diseases and insect pests

The main pests harming mulberry are mulberry caterpillar and mulberry inchworm, and the main diseases are brown spot, anthracnose, powdery mildew and so on. In view of the diseases and insect pests of fruit mulberry, growers should adopt the method of comprehensive control, so that the control effect is better.

VI. Harvest

Mulberry fruit usually ripens in early May, when the mulberry fruit has just changed from red to black (the pedicel of white variety has changed from green to yellow and white), and when it is bright and clear, it indicates that the mulberry fruit is ripe. Fruit picking work is generally carried out in the early morning, pay attention to handle gently, do not squeeze the fruit, do not break the peel. It can be packed in small plastic boxes, then packed in cartons, and finally shipped to the market for sale.

Mulberry fruit is more and more loved by consumers because of its rich nutritional value and delicious taste, and planting mulberry has become a good project for farmers to get rich. The planting technology of fruit mulberry is shared here for you. Have you learned it?