How to raise soft-shelled turtles in fish ponds

With the continuous development and growth of China's aquaculture industry, soft-shelled turtle culture is also a good breeding project in the market at present. With the continuous improvement of people's living standards, they pay more and more attention to food.

Basic conditions for culture of soft-shelled turtle

The main results are as follows: 1. The area of the pond is generally 510 mu and the water depth is 1.5 × 2.0 meters. The precast cement slab of 1 meter × 0.5 meter is used as the anti-escape wall around the pond, and 40 centimeters are buried under the precast board. It is required that the water source is adequate and the water quality is fresh and pollution-free. 5 mu pond with 3 kW impeller aerator, 10 mu pond equipped with 2 sets.

2. Feed special compound feed for soft-shelled turtle and fresh fish as supplementary feed. The feed table is made of wood plates, each about 2 meters by 1 meter, and one for every 2 to 3 mu. Red tiles can also be placed on the north slope of the pond near the surface of the pond as a simple eating table for soft-shelled turtles.

3. The breeding of young soft-shelled turtle is mainly self-propagation and self-breeding, but not enough. The hatched juvenile soft-shelled turtles were cultured in the greenhouse without heating in winter. after growing to 50-80 grams at the beginning of June of the following year, they were transferred to the Waitang Dingtang, or the young soft-shelled turtles with a tail weight of 150-250 grams were cultivated in the pond, and then divided into ponds for adult culture.

Main technical measures for culture of soft-shelled turtle

1. Drain the pond water 10-15 days before cleaning and releasing seedlings, remove excessive silt, thoroughly disinfect the pond with 150kg quicklime per mu or sprinkle the whole pond with EM solution.

2. The young soft-shelled turtles with strong physique, neat specifications, disease-free and injury-free are selected for stocking. During stocking, the young soft-shelled turtles were washed with potassium permanganate aqueous solution with a concentration of 1520 mg / L for 10 minutes. Generally, 120 juvenile soft-shelled turtles are released per mu, while 500 grass carp fingerling with a tail weight of 40 grams, 250 silver carp fingerlings with a tail weight of 50 grams, and 30 bighead carps with a tail weight of 100 grams are stocked. In order to ensure the normal feeding of soft-shelled turtles, carp are generally not mixed in ponds.

3. The principle of using special compound feed for soft-shelled turtle, supplemented by fresh and live fish, accounts for 75% of compound feed and 25% of fresh fish. Fresh fish are ground with a meat grinder and mixed with formula feed to form dough for feeding. Take feed table water feeding, adult soft-shelled turtle culture once a day, 5: 00 p. M. Feed according to the "four fixed" principles of timing, quantity, quality and positioning, and the feeding amount should be finished within two hours. The farmed grass carp are fed with grass carp formula feed according to the requirements of fish culture in the pond.

4. Water quality control and disease control in the process of imitating ecological soft-shelled turtle culture, good water quality control is an important measure to improve the quality of soft-shelled turtle to avoid diseases.

① adds water regularly. Add water every 10 days, 10-15 cm each time, and change water at any time according to the water quality of the pond, generally no more than 1/3, to keep the water fresh and stable.

② is sprinkled with quicklime every 20 days, 15-20 kg per mu or 2 kg diluted with EM solution.

③ opens the aerator at noon on a sunny day for 2 hours, stirring water and aerating.

④ sprinkled photosynthetic bacteria, Bacillus, EM and other microecological agents once a month to regulate water quality.

⑤ can control the feeding amount and reduce the feed pollution. Soft-shelled turtle feed is controlled to be eaten within 2 hours, mixed grass carp are fed to 80% full, vitamin c and vitamin E are regularly added to the feed to enhance the disease resistance of soft-shelled turtles; sixth, the table is cleaned with a brush every morning and then exposed to the sun and sterilized with potassium permanganate water once a week.

5. Patrol the pond twice a day in the morning and evening, inspect the escape prevention facilities, observe the changes of water quality and the eating condition of the soft-shelled turtle, and deal with the problems in time. Especially on rainy days, due to the loose soil in the rain, the anti-escape wall is easy to collapse, causing the soft-shelled turtle to escape.

How to choose soft-shelled turtle

1. Grasp the turtle's reverse legs with your hands, such as fast movement, random kicking, ferocious and powerful soft-shelled turtles, and inferior soft-shelled turtles if they are inflexible, motionless or even motionless.

2. Look at all parts of the soft-shelled turtle. Those with complete appearance, no injury, no disease, thick muscle, shiny abdominal nail, blurred back blades, thick and warped skirt, thick and strong legs and agile movements are superior soft-shelled turtles; conversely, inferior soft-shelled turtles.

3. Check whether there are hooks and needles in the neck of soft-shelled turtle. Soft-shelled turtles with hooks and needles cannot be kept for a long time and transported over a long distance. The method of examination: you can use a hard bamboo chopstick to stimulate the turtle's head, let it bite, and then pull the chopsticks with one hand to lengthen its neck, and touch it carefully with the other hand.

4. Try to turn the soft-shelled turtle upside down on the ground, if it can be turned over quickly, and those that escape quickly and move flexibly are superior turtles; for example, those that flip slowly and move slowly are inferior soft-shelled turtles.

What does soft-shelled turtle eat?

Soft-shelled turtle is a carnivorous omnivorous animal with mixed feeding habits. In the case of artificial intensive culture, in order to achieve the best effect on the growth, survival rate and commodity quality of soft-shelled turtle, high-quality compound feed must be selected. long-term addition of a certain proportion of fresh and pollution-free fresh bait (such as fish, snails, liver, eggs, vegetables) mixed with formula feed, in order to regulate and improve the visceral function of soft-shelled turtle.

At present, the price of soft-shelled turtle is falling, and some farmers use low-grade formula feed in order to reduce costs, which outweighs the gain. In some places, the high incidence of "white floor" disease of soft-shelled turtle has something to do with little or no fresh material for a long time. Of course, this is also related to poor water quality regulation and inadequate preventive measures.

Soft-shelled turtle feed formula

In terms of feed formula, it is generally required that the total protein should reach 44%. Most of the protein is provided by fishmeal, which should account for 70% of the total fishmeal, and the rest should be replaced by red fishmeal, so that it will not adversely affect the growth of soft-shelled turtle and reduce costs. A small part of protein can be provided by plant protein. In order to make extensive use of feed resources, plant protein can also be replaced by agricultural by-products such as bean dregs, wheat bran, rice, and other plant feed that soft-shelled turtles do not like. Plus a certain proportion of vitamins, minerals and other premixes.

Reference recipe:

① juvenile soft-shelled turtle: imported white fish meal 43.5%, defatted red fish meal 18.5%, corn gluten meal 5%, gluten flour 6% a-starch 15%, yeast powder 5%, squid powder 3%, additives (mainly Duowei, soft-shelled turtle mine, etc.) 4%;

② adult soft-shelled turtle: imported white fish meal 40%, defatted red fish meal 17%, corn gluten meal 5%, gluten flour 9% dairy a-starch 15%, yeast powder 7%, squid powder 3%, additives (mainly Duowei, soft-shelled turtle mine, etc.) 4%. Generally speaking, the raw material cost of this formula is about 5700 yuan / ton.

Pay attention to the problem

① has many kinds of raw materials to choose from, and it is difficult to judge its quality level from the appearance of important raw materials such as fishmeal and additives. It is suggested that we must find reputable suppliers when purchasing raw materials.

The formula of ② feed should be adjusted according to different growth stages of soft-shelled turtle. In general, the content of protein in feed should be increased in the early stage to speed up the growth rate of young soft-shelled turtles.

It can be seen that soft-shelled turtle is an investment project with low investment cost, short cycle and low threshold, so this is one of the reasons why so many people in rural areas choose to raise soft-shelled turtle, but it is not a simple thing to raise soft-shelled turtle well.