How to build a crayfish pond

Crayfish have sold very well in the market in recent years, first, because more and more people like to have crayfish with cold beer on hot summer nights, and second, crayfish are more and more on everyone's home menu. Let's take a look at the pond construction technology of raising crayfish!

How to build a crayfish pond?

Reasonable pond construction is one of the key factors for the success and high yield of crayfish culture, and it is also the first step of crayfish culture.

It is required that the bottom quality of the shrimp pond is loam, the soil quality of the pond slope is hard, the water retention of the pond is good, and the water level is easy to be controlled; as long as the water body and pond suitable for fish culture can be cultured, but the sandy soil can not be cavernous.

At present, crayfish culture is mainly based on intensive culture and shrimp rice culture, however, these two kinds of pond infrastructure has baffled a lot of people, so how to build it?

First, choose the pond

The source of water requires fresh water quality, sufficient dissolved oxygen and no pollution. It is better to take loam clay as the best, the width of the pond is more than 3 meters, the slope is 1 ∶ 2.5, the water depth is 0.8-1.5 meters, and the pH value is 7.5-8.5. The pond area should not be too large, generally 3-8 mu, rectangular, east-west. When injecting new water into the pond, filter it with 20-40 mesh gauze to prevent wild fish and fish eggs from entering the pond with the flow of water. According to the pattern of high irrigation and low discharge, the drainage canal should be built so that it can be irrigated and discharged. Crayfish has a strong escape ability, so it is necessary to do a good job in the construction of escape prevention facilities. Usually plastic film, mesh, calcium plastic board or cement board are used to set up anti-escape facilities along the ridge of the pond to avoid the entry of enemy creatures and the escape of crayfish.

Second, clear the pond and disinfect

Pond cleaning disinfection can effectively kill enemy organisms in the pond (catfish, Loach, snakehead, snake, rat, etc.), wild miscellaneous fish (common carp, crucian carp, etc.), and pathogens. Quicklime and bleach can be used, which is economical, economical and safe. The specific operation methods are as follows: 1. Sterilized with quicklime. Dry disinfection: 70 kilograms of quicklime per mu, sprinkle the whole pool with chemical water, and then hug with nail rake if possible, after a week in the pond, inject new water; disinfect with water: the surface of each mu is calculated according to the water depth of 1 meter, and 130 kilograms of quicklime is dissolved in the water. Sprinkle evenly in the whole pool. two。 Disinfect with bleach. After the bleach containing 30% available chlorine was completely dissolved, the whole pool was evenly sprinkled with a dosage of 25 kg per mu.

Third, planting aquatic plants

"how about lobster? is there any grass in the pond? The lobster is not big, but the grass in the pond is in charge. " Aquatic plants, in lobster culture, play an important role. First, aquatic plants can fill the insufficient intake of lobster bait and supplement a large number of vitamins; second, they can prevent wind and waves, absorb some harmful substances in the water body, purify water quality, and balance the water environment; third, it can provide shelter and habitat for young shrimp and shelled shrimp to reduce bullying. Generally speaking, the planting area of aquatic plants accounts for half of the total area of the pond. Varieties are available: low-stem Reed, Zizania caduciflora, Elodea verticillata, etc. If possible, you can also put some empty cans, bamboo tubes, tree roots and other wastes at the bottom of the water body, which are crayfish's favorite habitats.

IV. Fertilization in shrimp ponds

What are the ways to raise crayfish? Some people think that it doesn't matter whether the lobster is fertilized in the pond or not. in fact, applying an appropriate amount of organic fertilizer to the shrimp pond to cultivate bait organisms can directly provide natural bait for the shrimp after entering the pond. 400 kg / mu of fermented organic fertilizer was selected to maintain the corresponding fertility of the pond water. In the process of feeding, with the gradual deepening of the water level, to apply mature organic fertilizer, the amount and time should be determined according to the fat and thin of the water, generally not more than 80kg each time. The transparency of the pool water is kept at about 35 cm.

Construction of escape prevention facilities in crayfish culture pond

Crayfish have the ability to climb and escape, so when raising crayfish in ponds, anti-escape facilities must be sound.

1. The brick wall is built on the inside of the pool ridge. The wall is 11 cm thick, 20 cm high, and the foundation of the wall is about 10 cm deep. The cement hook joint in the wall had better be smoothed with cement, and the top of the wall should be crossed into a brick, extending about 5 centimeters into an upside-down hanging. This escape prevention method is sturdy and durable and can be used for 10 to 15 years.

2. The plastic film is inserted on the inside of the pool ridge with bamboo slices 30cm high and 40cm high. The bamboo slices are spaced 40cm apart and 50cm apart. The inner side of the lower part of the bamboo sheet is pasted with a thick plastic film, which is 20cm 30cm high. Then the bamboo film is inserted into the film, and the interval corresponds to the outer bamboo sheet. And use a rope clip to secure it. At the same time, add soil to the firm plastic film and make it solid together to prevent the crayfish from escaping. This kind of escape prevention method is not durable and can only be used for 1 year.

3. FRP anti-escape FRP mostly refers to polyethylene plastic plate, which is generally about 1 mm thick, with a flat FRP plate with a height of 30 cm to 40 cm, inserted in 3 places on the inside of the pool ridge, 15 cm deep into the soil layer, and reinforced with wooden piles on both sides, with a pile spacing of 70 cm to 80 cm. This escape prevention method can be used for 6 to 8 years.

4. Asbestos tile anti-escape divides the asbestos tile with a height of 1.2 meters or 1.8 meters into 2'3 segments, which is inserted in the inner side of the pool ridge, and the soil depth is 10'15 cm. Pay attention to the intersecting pad of tile and tile buckle teeth, and no gap can be seen. The inside and outside of the tile are secured with wooden or bamboo piles, with a distance of 0.8 to 1 meter. This escape prevention method can be used for 3 to 5 years.

What factors need to be considered in crayfish culture?

1. Water source. No flood, no drought, good water quality. Poor water quality can make lobsters get sick or even die. In addition, as an aquaculture, water consumption is large, water sources must be adequate.

2. Transportation and electricity consumption. Crayfish farming often has to ship, feed and so on. In particular, large farmers must consider the traffic problem and satisfy the entry and exit of trucks. In addition, due to frequent drainage, electricity must be considered in place, and to meet a certain load, the electricity charge should be reasonable.

3. Rent. Rent is a large expenditure item of lobster culture. For high-density culture, the rent per mu should not exceed 800 yuan. For low-density culture, more consideration should be given to waste ditches, waste ponds, marshes and low-lying fields to save input costs.

4. When choosing the site, we think more about the natural environment. The site should be chosen as far as possible from villages and traffic roads to prevent theft and sabotage. It is necessary to examine the local folkways, establish good relations with the local areas, and carefully consider the terms of the land lease.

5. Culture conditions. Shrimp culture in ditches, paddy fields, swamps and ponds is more suitable for high-density culture, while large water surfaces such as lakes and reservoirs are not suitable for intensive cultivation of crayfish. Of course, if there are a large number of aquatic plants, they can also be cultured, but it is not easy to feed and fish. Swamps and low-lying fields are relatively cheap and suitable for large-scale farming. The sandy soil is loose, the water retention is poor, the grass is not easy to grow, the water is thin, and it is not suitable for breeding. Small and medium-sized lobsters in sandy soil are easier to drill holes, and anti-escape measures should be well established. Cement ponds can be used for breeding or temporary cultivation, but more artificial concealment should be cast, water plants should be fed, and water should be changed frequently. Since lobsters cannot drill holes in cement ponds, cement ponds are not suitable for breeding unless special measures are taken.

The above introduces the pond construction plan of crayfish and the surrounding factors that need to be considered in crayfish farming. Crayfish sales are very good in recent years, but we should also pay attention to risks, because good sales will increase the number of farmers. So you should carefully investigate the market before preparing for any breeding.