Technology of raising crayfish in cage

With the continuous development of the aquaculture industry, many people have begun to cultivate crayfish. There are many ways to cultivate crayfish. Today, what the editor wants to introduce to you is crayfish farming in cages. In the aquaculture industry, only by keeping up with the pace of social development and adopting the latest breeding technology, can we achieve the role of labor-saving and labor-saving.

Technology of raising crayfish in cage

I. preparation before stocking

The pond should have good intake and drainage facilities. Bamboo slices and gauze should be used around the pond to surround the 50-centimeter-high anti-escape wall.

Set up shrimp habitats in aquaculture waters, such as rubble, bricks, stones, nets, old tires, grass dragons, etc. as shrimp nests for shrimp concealment and defense against enemies. Water hyacinth, water peanut, water floating lotus, Zizania caduciflora and other aquatic plants are planted around the pond, the coverage of which is generally 1 to 3 of the surface of the pond, to facilitate lobster shade and breed lobster's favorite plankton. Generally, newly-built lobster ponds can be cleaned with quicklime water, with 100 kilograms per mu. If lobsters are raised in old ponds or lakes, silt should be cleared, trimmed and exposed. 10-15 days before stocking shrimp seedlings, 50 kilograms of quicklime per mu should be used for dry pond disinfection. At the same time, completely eliminate the predatory wild enemies such as catfish, Loach, black fish, snakes and rats in the pond.

10-15 days before stocking, 100-200 kg of fully mature manure such as pig manure is applied per mu of water to cultivate plankton and provide appropriate amount of organic detritus as shrimp feed. Before the pond enters the water, it is best to install a water barrier net of 60-80 mesh to prevent the enemy from entering the water. The depth of the pool water is maintained at 50-80 cm and the transparency is between 30-40 cm.

2. Stocking shrimp fry

Stocking shrimp seedlings should be carried out on sunny mornings and evenings with 6000-8000 young shrimp of 2 cm long or 4000-6000 young shrimp of 3-5 cm long per mu. The specifications of shrimp fry released in the same pond are neat and consistent. At the same time, it can raise about 50 grams of flowers, 300-400 silver carp and 200 mackerel in pond water.

Third, carefully bait

Minced fish and minced meat should be used within 3 days after stocking, and minced fish, minced meat or formula feed should be put in 1 month after 3 days. When the shrimp fry grows to 6-7 cm, all the minced snails, mussels and appropriate amount of plant feed such as wheat, wheat bran, corn, cake or formula feed can be fed. The daily feeding amount is based on full, finished and no residual bait. Generally, crayfish are fed at 15% of body weight and adult shrimp at 5% of body weight, which can be adjusted according to the eating condition of shrimp. Feed twice a day, once in the morning and once in the evening, and the evening feed accounts for 70% of the daily feed. The bait should be placed around the pond and dispersed appropriately, and more lobsters should be thrown in places where lobsters are concentrated to facilitate their feeding.

IV. Water quality management

The lobster grows fast, the metabolism is exuberant, and the oxygen consumption is large, so the water quality of the shrimp pond should be kept fresh, adding water 15-20 cm deep every week, to ensure that the water quality is fresh, clean, and have enough dissolved oxygen, and the transparency of the pool water is controlled above 35 cm deep. When the day is overheated, the pool water should be properly deepened to stabilize the water temperature. Strictly prevent water quality from industrial pollution, pesticide pollution and chemical pollution.

When the dissolved oxygen in the water is low, the water quality is aging, or in case of thunderstorm, muggy days, continuous cloudy days and other bad weather, the amount of bait should be reduced or stopped, and pay attention to observation. If it is found that the lobster responds slowly, swims to the shore, floats and climbs to the shore, it shows that the hypoxia is serious and it is necessary to inject water or turn on the aerator to increase oxygen in time.

V. Prevention of diseases

Should inspect and patrol the pond frequently, and pay attention to the lobster's foraging, activity, growth and molting, so as to take necessary technical measures in time. Remove the moss in the pond in time; often check the filter screen at the inlet and outlet to prevent the escape of lobster or the entry of wild fish and other pests due to broken filter. Always pay attention to whether there are enemy creatures in the pond, such as water rats, water snakes, water birds, etc., and if so, they should be removed in time.

Shrimp seedlings should carry out body surface disinfection before going into the pond to prevent pathogens from being brought into the pond, regularly disinfect shrimp ponds with quicklime, often add new water to keep the pond water clean, and add a variety of vitamins to shrimp feed to enhance shrimp immunity.

VI. Timely fishing

It is generally raised for about 2 months, and when the lobster weighs more than 50 grams, it can be caught on the market. Lobsters are caught in shrimp cages, ground cages, purse seine and other methods.

The market prospect of crayfish

Crayfish, the scientific name Procambarus clarkii, has strong adaptability to the environment, less diseases, tolerance to hypoxia, can grow and reproduce in ponds, ditches, lakes, rice fields, marshes and other water bodies, and can stay out of water or live in caves for a long time. Strong tolerance to adverse environment, convenient transportation, high transport survival rate. This is unmatched by other shrimps. At the same time, crayfish seedlings are easy to breed, can be self-propagated and self-bred, without complex equipment, the technology is simple, the feed is easy to solve, and it is suitable for artificial breeding. Generally, the yield of intensive farming in ponds is 400kg per mu and the profit is more than 1600 yuan.

At present, the artificial culture of crayfish is small, which mainly depends on natural fishing, and its natural resources can not meet the consumption demand of international and domestic market. Europe and the United States are the main consumers of crayfish. In the United States, crayfish is not only an important edible shrimp, but also an important bait for fishing, with an annual consumption of 60,000 to 80,000 tons and a self-sufficient capacity of less than 1max. The European Union and the United States import 20,000 tons from China every year. Sweden is an avid consumer of crayfish, holding a three-week crayfish festival every year. Western European markets consume 60,000 to 80,000 tons of crayfish a year, while Western European self-sufficiency accounts for only 20% of total consumption.

The living habits of crayfish

Crayfish are nocturnal animals that live in benthic and crawling camps. Inhabit lakes, rivers, reservoirs, swamps, ponds and ditches, and sometimes in rice fields. However, there are more food-rich still water ditches, ponds and shallow lakes, the habitat is mostly soil, there are more hidden things such as water plants, tree roots or stones. During the day, they often lurk in dim corners, rocks, grass or caves at the bottom of the water body, and come out to feed at night. Under natural conditions, foraging is also seen during the day because of lack of bait and low transparency of the water body. The shrimp has strong climbing ability and digging ability.

In the case of anoxia, lack of bait, pollution and other biological, physical and chemical factors, they often climb out of the water and enter another body of water. If it rains, especially when it rains heavily, the shrimp often climbs out of the water and moves outside the body. During the growing period, crayfish hardly dig holes. The longest crayfish cave can reach 100cm and its diameter can reach 9.2cm. Crayfish can make use of the original caves and other hidden objects in artificial caves and water bodies, and their burrowing behavior often occurs in the breeding season. Therefore, the proper addition of artificial nests in the culture pond and technical measures can greatly reduce the damage of the shrimp to the pond ridge and embankment.

The latest crayfish culture technology

First, less investment, effective lobster has two spawning periods every year, one is autumn, the other is spring. A pair of male and female lobsters can breed up to 480 young shrimps at a time. Usually the lobsters listed in early spring are those bred in the autumn of last year, while those bred in spring only need to be cultured for more than 50 days before they can be listed on the market. In the first year, as long as lobster farmers keep large whole-leg lobsters for planting, in autumn, lobsters will burrow into holes to give birth, and in the second year, they do not have to buy too many lobster seedlings. Because lobsters love to dig grottoes, the ridges of lobsters raised in low ridges and inner ponds should be at least 5 meters wide, and the purse seine should be buried 2 meters deep to prevent lobsters from escaping.

Second, they have a large appetite and like to live in waters with water peanuts and Zizania caduciflora. Lobster ponds can simulate the ecological environment of the lake and plant some Zizania caduciflora and water peanuts, which can cover the shade and prevent the lobster from maturing precociously. on the other hand, it can breed plankton that lobsters like to eat. Lobster has a very good appetite, and all kinds of wild foods such as wheat and corn are good fodder. Lobsters are crustaceans and grow up every time they shed their shells, so fresh water should be injected into the pond frequently to help the lobsters shed their shells and grow.

Third, they are not afraid of smelly water, but lobsters are not afraid of smelly water, but they are very sensitive to chemicals such as pesticides, chemical fertilizers and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). As long as there are these chemicals in the pond, the lobster will be wiped out. The following "eight-character tips" can improve the yield and benefit of lobster culture.

There are many techniques for breeding crayfish, and farmers can reasonably choose their own culture methods according to their own conditions, although the cost of investment for different culture methods may be slightly different, but the most important result is to obtain high-yield crayfish. In fact, the method is on the one hand, and the efforts of the farmers themselves are also very important.