Wang Yang: steadily carry out the trial of Mortgage loan for the Management right of Rural contracted Land

Vigorously promote agricultural modernization with the new concept of development (study and implement the spirit of the Fifth Plenary session of the 18th CPC Central Committee)

Wang Yang

People's Daily (version 06, November 16, 2015)

The proposal of the CPC Central Committee on the formulation of the 13th five-year Plan for National Economic and Social Development (hereinafter referred to as the "proposal") adopted by the Fifth Plenary session of the 18th CPC Central Committee puts forward clear requirements for vigorously promoting agricultural modernization. This is an important deployment made in the light of the overall situation of China's economic and social development and with a view to achieving the grand goal of building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way. General Secretary Xi Jinping has pointed out many times that whether he is well-off or not depends on his fellow villagers. To build a well-off society in an all-round way, the most arduous and arduous task is in the rural areas; to synchronously promote new industrialization, informatization, urbanization, and agricultural modernization, the weak link is agricultural modernization. Without agricultural modernization, without the prosperity of rural areas, and without farmers living and working in peace and contentment, national modernization is incomplete, incomplete and unstable. Agriculture is the foundation of building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way and realizing modernization. We must persist in solving the problems of agriculture, rural areas and farmers as the top priority of the work of the whole party, strengthen the policy of strengthening agriculture and benefiting farmers and rich farmers, and vigorously promote agricultural modernization.

In recent years, the level of agricultural modernization in China has improved steadily, which has effectively promoted the stable development of agriculture and the continuous increase of farmers' income, and laid a solid foundation for overcoming various difficulties and risks and maintaining social stability. As China's economic development has entered a new normal, economic growth has shifted from high speed to medium and high speed, and the downward pressure on the economy has increased, which has put forward new and higher requirements for agricultural modernization. We not only need to stabilize agricultural production, ensure the supply of agricultural products, and create a good environment for economic and social development, but also need to tap the consumption potential of rural residents, make good use of agricultural and rural investment space, and add new driving force for stable growth. From the perspective of agriculture itself, the constraints of resources and environment are getting stronger and stronger, and the international competition is becoming increasingly fierce. Vigorously promoting agricultural modernization is also the inherent requirement of agricultural sustainable development.

In order to promote agricultural modernization under the new historical conditions, we must, in accordance with the requirements of the "proposal", "firmly establish the development concept of innovation, coordination, green, openness and sharing" and solve the development problems. We should cultivate development advantages, "focus on building a modern agricultural industrial system, production system, and management system, and improve agricultural quality, efficiency and competitiveness", and speed up the transformation of our country from a big agricultural country to a powerful agricultural country.

I. actively innovate and improve the system and mechanism of modern agricultural development

Innovation is the first driving force to lead development. To vigorously promote agricultural modernization, we must strengthen innovation and strive to form a system and mechanism that adapts to the development of modern agriculture and meets the requirements of the market economy.

It is necessary to innovate the mode of agricultural management. This is the objective need of agricultural modernization. The "proposal" emphasizes that "speed up the transformation of the mode of agricultural development, develop various forms of moderate scale operation, and give play to its leading role in the construction of modern agriculture." Too small scale is the biggest restriction of agricultural modernization in our country. Expanding the scale of agricultural operation can introduce more modern factors of production, business models, and development concepts into agriculture, promote the application of agricultural machinery and scientific and technological achievements, open up the market for agricultural products, and improve the level of agricultural organization, industrialization and marketization. We should actively make use of professional cooperation, joint-stock cooperation, land transfer, land ownership, land trusteeship, and other forms to develop an appropriate scale of agricultural operation. Efforts will be made to cultivate new business entities and guide and support the development and growth of large farmers, family farms, farmers' cooperatives and agricultural enterprises. From the perspective of China's national conditions, family management will occupy a basic position for quite a long time. It is also an effective way to develop scale operation to speed up the development of operational services, do a good job in public welfare services, and improve the socialized service system of agriculture.

It is necessary to innovate the rural property right system. This is an important guarantee for agricultural modernization. The rural property rights system involves a wide range of areas, the most important of which is land property rights. The "proposal" proposes to "stabilize rural land contracting relations, improve the separation of land ownership, contracting rights, and management rights, and promote the orderly transfer of land management rights in accordance with the law." build a policy system for cultivating new types of agricultural operators, and deepen the reform of the rural land system. Improve the rural collective property rights. This further clarifies the main tasks of the reform of the rural property rights system, which is of great significance in activating elements such as rural land and promoting the optimal allocation of resources. We must adhere to collective ownership of rural land, unswervingly adhere to the basic rural management system, and safeguard farmers' right to contracted management of land in accordance with the law. It is necessary to comprehensively promote the expropriation of rural land, the introduction of collective construction land into the market, and the reform of the homestead system, and carry out the pilot project of the management right of rural contracted land and mortgage loans for farmers' housing property rights in a safe and orderly manner. We should actively develop and strengthen the collective economy and explore the effective realization form of the rural collective economy. We should protect the rights of members of farmers' collective economic organizations, give farmers the right to occupy, earn, withdraw and mortgage, guarantee and inherit the shares of collective assets, establish a rural property rights transfer market, and stimulate the vitality of rural development.

It is necessary to innovate the support system of modern elements such as science and technology. This is the inherent requirement of agricultural modernization. The "proposal" proposes to improve the "modern agricultural science and technology innovation and extension system", "develop the modern seed industry", promote the development and growth of the agricultural machinery and equipment industry, "improve the level of agricultural mechanization", "promote agricultural standardization and informatization", and so on. To promote the innovation of agricultural science and technology, we must deepen the reform of the agricultural science and technology system and improve the policy of encouraging scientific research and grass-roots agricultural technology extension personnel. Efforts should be made to break through a number of common key technologies and speed up the resolution of outstanding problems such as the upgrading of the modern seed industry, the mechanization of the whole production of major crops, and agricultural informatization. The application of agricultural science and technology and other modern elements inevitably requires the modernization of workers, attach importance to improving the comprehensive quality of farmers, train new professional farmers, and shift agricultural development to the track of mainly relying on scientific and technological progress and the improvement of the quality of workers. The promotion of agricultural modernization is inseparable from the support of finance, and it is necessary to "deepen rural financial reform, improve the agricultural insurance system" and improve the ability of credit and insurance to serve farmers through financial innovation.

Second, coordinate and promote to improve the quality of modern agricultural industry

Modern agriculture must be agriculture with reasonable internal structure and adapted to economic and social development. Therefore, to vigorously promote agricultural modernization, we must adhere to coordinated development.

It is necessary to promote the coordinated development within agriculture and form a modern agricultural production structure. In a large developing country with a population of more than 1.3 billion, ensuring national food security has always been the top priority of agricultural modernization. To this end, the "proposal" stresses: "adhere to the strictest cultivated land protection system, adhere to the red line of cultivated land, implement the strategy of storing grain on the ground and storing grain in technology, increase grain production capacity, and ensure basic self-sufficiency of grain and absolute safety of food rations. We will comprehensively delimit permanent basic farmland, promote irrigation and water conservancy, land renovation, the transformation of medium-and low-yield fields and the construction of high-standard farmland on a large scale, strengthen the construction of major agricultural production areas such as grain, and explore the establishment of functional areas for grain production and protection areas for the production of important agricultural products. If grain production is stabilized, the overall situation of agriculture will be stabilized, the supply of food rations will be guaranteed, food security will be basically guaranteed, and more resources can be allocated to develop diversified production. While emphasizing the increase of grain production capacity, the "proposal" clearly pointed out that "promoting the overall planning of grain economy and feeding and the integration of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishing" has pointed out the direction for the adjustment of agricultural structure. Farmers should be encouraged to adjust the planting structure of crops and the structure of animal husbandry and aquaculture based on resource endowment and market demand, strive to meet the various needs of society for agricultural products, and constantly increase farmers' income. Give full play to regional comparative advantages, speed up the creation of leading agricultural products and pillar industries with regional characteristics, and optimize the regional distribution of agricultural bureaus.

It is necessary to promote the coordinated development of primary, secondary and tertiary industries in rural areas and form a modern agricultural industrial system. The "proposal" proposes to promote "the integration of planting and cultivation, the integrated development of primary, secondary and tertiary industries", "promote the intensive processing of agricultural products and the development of agricultural and village service industries", "promote the construction of industrial chain and value chain, and develop various functions of agriculture. improve the comprehensive efficiency of agriculture. The coordinated development of primary, secondary and tertiary industries is not only the new connotation of agricultural modernization, but also the key to improve the comprehensive efficiency of agriculture and increase farmers' income. We should pay attention to the introduction of new technologies, new business type, and new models, actively promote the value-added processing of agricultural products, speed up the development of modern circulation modes such as direct sales of orders, chain distribution, and e-commerce, and do everything possible to increase the added value of agriculture. we should excavate the ecological value, leisure value, and cultural value of agriculture, develop modern characteristic industries such as rural tourism, and constantly expand new areas of agricultural modernization.

It is necessary to promote the coordinated development of urban and rural areas and form a pattern of integrated development of urban and rural areas. The key is to make a major breakthrough in cracking the urban-rural dual structure, promoting the equal exchange of urban and rural elements and the balanced allocation of public resources. It is necessary to make overall planning for industry and agriculture, urban and rural areas as a whole, and promote the integration and common development of urban and rural areas in terms of planning and layout, allocation of factors, industrial development, public services, and ecological protection. Guide the flow of urban funds, technology, information, talents, management and other modern elements to agriculture and rural areas, form a new type of urban-rural relationship between industry and agriculture, lead rural areas by cities, benefit workers and farmers, and integrate urban and rural areas, so as to fundamentally enhance the ability of agricultural and rural development. in order to meet the new requirements of industrialization and urbanization for agricultural modernization.