Eight measures to control sporidiosis in breeding honeybees

Sporozoosis, an adult bee disease that causes reptile disease, is a common disease of western honeybees. Most beehives suffer from the disease to varying degrees and are difficult to cure. However, due to the differences in the management of the four seasons, prevention and treatment and other measures, the incidence of the disease is mild and serious, and the serious ones weaken the population potential and affect production.

According to the observation and experience of amateur beekeeping for many years, the site has little sunshine all the year round, it is located in low-lying and humid, the surrounding environment is dirty, the water is not clean, the boxes, nests and spleen are lack of proper cleaning and disinfection, the group is weak, there is a lack of pollen after autumn, and the humidity in the box is too high. Negligence in prevention and control is the cause of the outbreak of sporidiosis. Especially when the weather is cold and rainy for a long time, the bee colony can not fly and excrete, and it is also easy to cause sporidiosis. In season, there are more diseases in early spring, late autumn and early winter. Sick bee colony adult bees continue to climb out of the box, a few head and tail slightly black, most of the hair color is the same, mostly empty stomach, a few big belly, shaking wings, unable to fly, crawling around, dead bees everywhere, shocking, rapid decline, or even weak groups. In terms of prevention and control, prevention should be more important than treatment. I have the following eight measures to control sporidiosis: first, the site should be located north to south, shelter from the wind and the sun, and the topography should be high rather than low. The beehive should be placed 20ml 30cm above the ground, and the feet of the hive should be properly padded with bricks, stool frames or wooden piles. Beehive cover waterproof linoleum should be protruding 2mm 3cm around, and the bottom of the box should be shrunk 2mm 3cm to prevent Rain Water from soaking up and down the box. And to ensure that there is sufficient sunlight in front of the beehive, with the help of ultraviolet rays of the sun to kill a variety of bacteria in the colony. Second, the environment around the hive should be clean and hygienic, and there should be clean water nearby for bees to use. The withered branches and leaves, weeds, chicken, goose, pig and sheep feces around the beehive should be cleaned frequently, and the dead bees and diseased bees should be cleaned and buried far away to prevent the disease from spreading repeatedly. Some lime should be sprinkled around the beehive regularly in spring, summer and autumn. The beehive had better be shaded by trees, but it should not be covered with shade. Third, beehives, hive spleen, bee utensils, honey shakers and honey containers should be cleaned and disinfected regularly. In spring and autumn every year, after scraping off the propolis, spleen and wax shavings of the beehive, use the blowtorch flame to disinfect the beehive; you can also knock the beehive with straw and light the waste newspaper for one or two minutes (be careful not to fumigate the box). After scraping the propolis, cutting off the male peak chamber of the lower horn and superfluous spleen, soak 6Mel in 3% alkaline solution for 8 hours, then rinse and dry with clean water. Other bee tools can be washed and sterilized with 3% hot alkali water. Fourth, beehives with a history of robe disease over the years should prevent the recurrence of sporidiosis in early spring, late autumn and before overwintering, and should be fed with dispensing syrup (1 gram of granulated sugar mixed with water), 0.5 grams of citric acid per kilogram of syrup, 5-100000 units of chloramphenicol or 2 grams of bromogeramine (bromogeramine should be used along with bromogeramine). The bees should be fed 30 grams and 50 grams per box, 3 times every two days. It can prevent the recurrence of sporozoosis. Fifth, it is necessary to raise strong groups all the year round and keep their honey feet and powder feet. Near the end of autumn and the beginning of winter, the weak groups below 5 frames should all be merged. Sixth, breeding disease-resistant bee species is another effective way to control sporidiosis. When sporidiosis occurs in a bee farm, there are always light and heavy among groups, and some colonies do not even have a single crawler bee, which provides conditions for breeding resistant species, and records should be made in time. When changing kings in spring, summer and autumn, we should choose disease-free groups to breed kings and eliminate all diseased queen bees. After several generations of breeding, sporidiosis can be controlled. Seventh, we should diligently turn over the heat preservation of the beehive, keep the beehive dry, reduce the cold humidity in the hive, and promote the swarm to fly and excrete. Eighth, when a small number of crawling bees occur in a colony, you must not take it lightly, thinking that it does not matter for such a large colony to climb a few bees, thus delaying the opportunity for treatment. once there is an outbreak of crawling bees everywhere, it will be difficult to control. Especially in late autumn and early winter, paralysis should not be allowed, and should not be mistaken for manna honey poisoning (manna honey poisoning is mostly belly crawling bees). It should be treated immediately. Every kilogram of syrup or diluted honey with caracinic acid 1MUE 2g, chloramphenicol 10-200000 units, each frame bee is fed 50Lv 100g each time, once every 2 days, 5 times in a row, can be basically cured.