Deepening the Comprehensive Reform in Rural areas: how to build a New Agricultural Management system

Jia Weitao is a famous grain grower in Heli Village, Wenshang County, Jining City, Shandong Province. He began to transfer land in 2007, and now his family's planting scale has exceeded 1600 mu. In his view, there are many benefits of large-scale agriculture. "the cost of buying chemical fertilizers and pesticides is lower, and the use of large machinery makes labor more efficient." When the harvest is good, 1600 mu of land can bring a net income of more than 800,000 yuan a year, which makes him full of drive and recognize the road of scale management.

The "Comprehensive implementation Plan for deepening Rural Reform" issued by the CPC Central Committee and the State Council Office a few days ago emphasizes that the development of various forms of appropriate scale operation of agriculture is the only way for agricultural modernization. The "plan" also proposes to build a three-dimensional and compound modern agricultural management system based on peasant household management, linked by cooperation and association, and supported by social services in line with national conditions and development stages.

Practice has proved that the moderate scale operation of agriculture can better improve the land output rate, resource utilization rate and labor productivity, and produce more economies of scale. In recent years, all parts of our country are stepping up efforts to explore the forms of realizing large-scale operation of agriculture. A relatively common situation is that when farmers go to work in cities, they transfer the management rights of contracted land to others. On this basis, a number of large professional households, family farmers, and leaders of farmers' cooperatives on a relatively large scale, such as Jia Weitao, have emerged. Under their careful management, agricultural production efficiency and efficiency have been greatly improved.

Various localities are constantly exploring more ways to realize the moderate scale operation of agriculture. In some places, farmers are willing to adopt the method of buying shares in land management rights to set up agricultural cooperatives under the land joint-stock cooperative system, and large-scale development has also been achieved without the transfer of land management rights; in other places, popular land trusteeship, farmers still go to cities to work, and the land is handed over to agricultural social service organizations to take care of it. This form also reduces the cost of agricultural production and improves efficiency.

Therefore, to develop appropriate scale operation of various forms of agriculture, efforts should be made on "various forms". Chen Xiwen, deputy head of the Central Rural work leading Group and director of the office, pointed out that attention should be paid to the main body and mode of realizing large-scale operation of the transfer of land management rights. equal attention should also be paid to the realization of large-scale operation by means of land shareholding and land trusteeship.

There are many advantages of large-scale agricultural operation, but we must not be greedy blindly. Some family farmers, large families in the case of immature objective conditions, the transfer of land has taken a big step, but also prone to losses or even more serious business risks. In this regard, the "plan" places special emphasis on the problem of grasping the "degree" of scale operation. Experts said that the development of scale operation is a gradual process, which cannot be divorced from reality and national conditions, and one-sided pursuit of circulation speed and super-large-scale. In the end, how much is "moderate", it needs to be determined according to regional characteristics, land conditions, crop varieties, productivity level and other factors, which must be different and dynamic.

Jia Weitao told reporters that he does not need to cultivate 1600 mu of land by himself. "there are agricultural machinery cooperatives and plant protection teams in the village, and when the agricultural time comes, they will come to serve them on the phone." The development of various forms of appropriate scale operation of agriculture and the construction of modern agricultural management system are inseparable from professional agricultural socialized service organizations. A sound agricultural socialized service system can liberate the main body of agricultural management from some links of production and operation, and focus on giving full play to its own advantages, which is a strong support for the development of appropriate scale operation of agriculture.

In recent years, China's agricultural socialized service system has been developing and growing, but it is still unable to meet the development needs of the vast number of contracted farmers and large-scale new agricultural operators. Therefore, this time, the "plan" once again innovates the agricultural socialized service mechanism, and through thoughtful and convenient social service, the peasant household management should be introduced into the track of modern agricultural development. It is proposed that the government should carry out innovative trial points for the mechanism of purchasing public welfare services from agricultural business service organizations.

To develop various forms of appropriate scale operation of agriculture, we should not only realize the appropriate scale of land, but also cultivate the corresponding main body of management. At present, these new agricultural operators have gradually become a new force in the construction of modern agriculture. In order to adapt to the future development situation, the scale of this team needs to continue to expand and attract more young forces and agricultural talents to return to their hometown for farming.

It is not easy to train a qualified team of professional farmers. "our agricultural vocational education must keep up, give full play to the role of agricultural colleges and vocational colleges, and adopt a directional approach to train more and more new farmers who meet the needs of the development of modern agriculture." Han Jun, deputy director of the Office of the Central Rural work leading Group, said.