Key 100-day management experience in the growth and development of farmed dairy cows
The growth and development of dairy cows can be roughly divided into four stages: early lactation (70 days postpartum), middle lactation (71 ~ 140 days postpartum), late lactation (141 ~ 305 days postpartum) and dry milk (306 ~ 363 days postpartum). Among them, 30 days before delivery (the second dry milk month) and 70 days after delivery (the early stage of lactation) are the most important 100 days in the feeding and management of dairy cows, which are related to the breeding efficiency and the health of dairy cows. To do a good job in the management of these 100 days, we should pay attention to the following aspects:
1. To control the occurrence of perinatal diseases:
1. Ketosis: it can cause the disorder of overall energy metabolism.
2. Postpartum paralysis: hypocalcemia is the main cause of postpartum paralysis in dairy cows.
3. Placenta retention: the feed combination of malnourished cattle and pregnant cattle should pay attention to the supply of vitamins and minerals and pay attention to the appropriate exercise in the later stage of pregnancy.
4. Abomasum displacement: the fourth stomach displacement is caused by the decrease of serum calcium concentration and muscle tension caused by the stress of delivery. Postpartum paralysis is also an inducement, pregnancy poisoning caused by hysteritis and mastitis can also cause abomasum displacement.
(2) to ensure the rational rationing of feed and nutrients:
The main results are as follows: 1. 30 days before delivery: the amount of concentrate feeding should be strictly controlled to prevent the nutrition level of dry milk from being too high and obese; 2 weeks before delivery, calcium enamel therapy and intramuscular injection of vitamin D3 and progesterone were applied to the elderly, weak and sick dairy cows. to prevent the occurrence of milk fever, retention of placenta and ketosis.
2. 70 days after delivery: strict feeding technology to ensure the reasonable distribution of feed and nutrients, maintain the normal environment and digestive function of the rumen, prevent the forestomach from relaxing the decrease of milk fat rate: pay attention to the amount of silage feeding, prevent excessive feeding and affect other nutrients.
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