Technical points of feeding and Management of Black Chicken

Black chicken, also known as black-bone chicken, five-claw chicken, silk chicken, bamboo chicken and so on, is also known as Taihe chicken because it originated in Taihe County, Jiangxi Province. Black chicken is a precious traditional Chinese medicine, well-known at home and abroad, internationally known as the "pearl in poultry".

I. Biological characteristics

Black pheasant belongs to Ornithoptera, Chicken-shaped order, Phaeidae. It is a small chicken with a short head and neck, whiskers under the jaw, blue ear leaves in green, white feathers all over the body, and fine down-like feathers except for arrow-shaped feathers on the main wings and tail feathers. The male is a mulberry-shaped purple-black round crown, followed by a bun. The female wears a white velvet bun on her head and has many thin short hairs on her cheeks under the upper jaw. The claw is divided into five toes, that is, there is an extra toe on the back toe, hairy feet, and dense metatarsal hair. It is named black chicken because its eyes, beak, tongue, skin, meat, bone, metatarsophalangeal, viscera and fat are all black.

Second, medicinal value

Black chicken is a valuable traditional Chinese medicine. It has long been recorded in the Compendium of Materia Medica: the black-bone chicken is sweet and non-toxic, and its main treatment is to replenish weakness, weakness, and beneficial parturient. It is clinically recognized that black chicken has the functions of tonifying liver and kidney, tonifying qi and blood and relieving deficiency and fever. it is a good medicine for the treatment of weakness and gynecological diseases. In addition, today's medical practice has proved that black chicken has a good effect on tuberculosis, heart disease, gastric ulcer, chronic hepatitis, neurasthenia, infantile osteomalacia and so on. Black eggs can treat headache, dizziness, asthma, nephritis and other diseases. Soaking black chicken bones in wine can invigorate blood circulation and drive away wind. Black chicken feather boiled to wash the body, can stop itching, and treat urticaria and so on.

III. Living habits

The black chicken is small, with an adult rooster weighing 1-1.5 kg and a hen weighing 0.75-1 kg. It is gentle and adaptable, and it can be raised, raised, caged and stocked. The sexual maturation of hens takes 5.5 months, the weight of eggs is 35 to 45 grams, the annual egg production is about 100, and the high ones can reach 130. The broodiness of black chickens is very strong, and about 20 black chickens stop producing "holding nests", so their natural hatching ability is stronger than that of ordinary chickens. The chick weighs 270g and 30g, its vitality is weak, and its cold and wet resistance is poor, so it needs careful management during the brooding period, and the chicken house should be dry, ventilated, warm, quiet and hygienic. Black chickens have a habit of taking sand baths. Sand baths must be installed in the henhouse to help clean feathers and help growth and development.

IV. Key points of management

1. Careful brooding. Chicks must be kept warm when they are just hatched. The optimum temperature was 35-36 ℃ in the first week, 32-34 ℃ in the second week, then decreased by 2 ℃ per week, and could be de-heated in 5-7 weeks. After 2 days of age, if 1/3 of the chicks are found to have the phenomenon of pecking the ground with their mouths, they can start eating. Feed half-cooked millet for the first few days and mix in the cooked egg yolk, which can be 1 for every 18 chicks per day. Seven days later, the mixed feed was fed mainly with half-cooked grain, supplemented with green vegetables, fishmeal and vitamins. When raising chicks, you can raise about 17 chicks per square meter. Drinking water should be sufficient and clean, warm water should be fed at the initial stage, and 1/10000 potassium permanganate should be added to the water.

two。 Adult chickens are raised. Chicks grow faster, grow silk hair at 30 days of age, and weigh 250 grams at 50 days of age. At ordinary times, it is necessary to keep the chicken coop hygienic, suitable humidity and adequate drinking water. During the laying period, the light should be kept for 16 to 17 hours a day, and should be replenished manually sooner or later when the light is insufficient. The diet should use formula feed, which is as follows: fish meal 10%, bean cake 10%, grain meal 20%, corn (2316, 2.00,0.09%) meal 30%, sorghum 5%, rice bran 7%, shell powder 2%, auxin 1%, green feed 15%. The combination of dry and wet feeding method was adopted. Before the age of 4 months, they were fed 4 or 5 times a day. During the laying period, properly feed more green succulent feed to prevent laying hens from being overfertilized, and properly add manganese salt to improve egg production and egg quality.

3. To prevent and cure epidemic diseases. Although the black chicken has strong disease resistance and less epidemic disease, it should also adhere to the principle of "early prevention without disease and early treatment of disease". Clean the chicken coop every day, remove feces, pay attention to moistureproof; disinfect once a week, wash the disinfection trough every 3-5 days; do not feed moldy and spoiled feed.

4. Breeding and seed selection. In order to breed black chickens, we must choose excellent individuals with five characteristics: heavy crown, green ear, white velvet, five claws and black. Hatching can be in spring and autumn, but it is better to hatch in spring. Roosters are required to be robust and have obvious sexual characteristics; hens are required to lay more eggs and have poor nesting. When the proportion of male and female is 1:6, a higher fertilization rate can be obtained, and the hatched chicks are also strong. The rooster can be bred at the age of 6-7 months, and the hen is better at the age of 10 months, which can be used for 3-4 years.