The key to how to raise silkworms well

Sericulture in China has a history of hundreds of years, in ancient times, people began to grow mulberry and sericulture, and China's silk industry has been developing well since ancient times, so our experience and technology in sericulture are very rich. Next, let's learn about the relevant experience and technology of sericulture with the editor.

The key to how to raise silkworms well

When the spring silkworm enters its fifth instar, the majority of silkworm farmers should, according to the weather forecast, give priority to overcast and rainy weather in the second half of May, and the temperature is on the low side. Grasp the following seven key technologies and take effective measures to raise big silkworms.

First, do a good job in disinfection and disease prevention of silkworm rooms, silkworm storage rooms, silkworm bodies and silkworm seats in the big silkworm stage.

1. Disinfect the rising silkworm with "Bombyx mori Disease Prevention No.1" or "Silkworm seat Jing" once; the silkworm reared on the silkworm plaque will remove the sand once a day and sprinkle the fresh lime powder once a day; the silkworm reared on the platform and the ground will be sprinkled with fresh lime powder once a day, and the lower branches should be removed in the middle of the fifth instar to remove the silkworm sand; the silkworm sand inside and outside the house should be cleared in time, and the silkworm should be fermented and carried back to the mulberry leaf field. Starting from the second day, the fifth instar should be sprayed with "killing silkworm flies" every other day on a sunny day, especially the day before the silkworm. Generally, one silkworm fly is killed and one jin of water is added.

2. Every other day, every other day, before feeding mulberry leaves in the morning or evening, farmers who have suffered from infestation of silkworms should fumigate and disinfect the silkworm room and silkworm storage room with "fumigation". In general, silkworm rooms with a length of 9 meters should be fumigated with 1 packet of "fumigation and cleaning" when discovering diseased silkworms, and 2 packs should be used when disinfection is found. During fumigation and disinfection, doors and windows should be closed for half an hour, then doors and windows should be opened and ventilated before giving mulberry mulberry.

3. Before giving mulberry, first detect dead silkworms and put them into lime or bleaching powder tank, wash hands clean, disinfect and then feed mulberry leaves.

Second, master the temperature of the big silkworm period and do a good job of ventilation in the silkworm room.

The temperature of the fifth instar period can not be lower than 20 ℃. If the temperature is too low, it is easy to make the silkworm weak and cause the disease in the later stage of the fifth instar. Therefore, when the temperature is low at night to the morning, we can properly close the doors and windows to do a good job of heating. Even if the temperature is low in the daytime, we should open the doors and windows and ventilate sericulture to ensure that the air inside the silkworm room is fresh. If the indoor ventilation of silkworm is not good, you can use electric fan or exhaust fan, which is beneficial to the health of silkworm.

Third, the big silkworm is reared sparsely and has enough to eat.

From the 3rd to the 4th day of the fifth instar, the silkworm seat should be expanded to the maximum area, a silkworm seed should generally reach 40-45 silkworm plaques, and the area of land sericulture and silkworm platform rearing should reach about 40 square meters; the amount of mulberry should be mastered as far as possible to eat up mulberry leaves or leave a little residual leaves.

Fourth, prevent silkworm poisoning caused by the use of rice straw in sericulture, and use rapeseed stalks as little as possible to prevent wall lice.

Due to the serious occurrence of rice diseases and insect pests last autumn, there were many kinds of pesticides used in rice fields, the frequency of pesticide use was high, and the residues of pesticides in rice straw were large. According to the experiment of the Provincial Agriculture Department, rice straw was used as bedding and shedding material, and many samples showed symptoms of poisoning. Therefore, it is hoped that the majority of silkworm farmers do not use rice straw as bedding grass to raise large silkworms, nor can they use rice straw as shedding material to prevent silkworm poisoning. If many farmers use rapeseed stalk as mat grass, silkworms are prone to wall lice disease, so try to use rapeseed stalk as little as possible to prevent the occurrence of silkworm disease.

Fifth, do a good job in neighborhood relations to prevent pesticide poisoning in silkworms.

The mulberry garden is not connected, and there are many phenomena such as flower arrangement or planting vegetables in tea. In order to prevent pesticide poisoning of silkworms, farmers should have a good neighborhood relationship and try a small amount of silkworms before feeding mulberry leaves each time to ensure that they are non-toxic and then give them to mulberry in large quantities. When silkworms are poisoned, they must be rescued in time.

Do a good job in the management of silkworm cocoons and improve the quality of cocoons

The room should choose the dry upstairs, and the checkered "outdoor pre-installation" technology should be actively popularized. if the temperature is on the low side, the room should be heated properly, but the doors and windows should not be completely closed. Exhaust fans or electric fans can be used to avoid cocoon yellowing.

7. Do a good job of summer felling in time

There are many varieties of agricultural mulberry series developed in recent years, according to the situation that the series of agricultural mulberry is juicy and sprouted badly after summer cutting in recent years. On a sunny day, each mulberry leaves 1-2 thin strips or 2-3 basal three-eyed leaves. After 3 days, cut strips to improve the germination rate.

Does sericulture make money?

Mulberry cocoon culture is divided into spring silkworm, summer silkworm, autumn silkworm, autumn silkworm is divided into mid-autumn silkworm and late autumn silkworm, the quality of spring silkworm is the best, followed by autumn silkworm. Breeding varieties are agricultural mulberry, Greater China and so on. The growth cycle of silkworm cocoons is limited by air temperature. Spring silkworms are reared around April 20 every year, 26-27 days are a growth cycle, and summer felling begins around May 20. After mulberry trees grow new leaves, they begin to breed silkworms around June 25, and 24-25 days is a growth cycle. Because of the short interval between Mid-Autumn Festival silkworms and summer silkworms, for fear of poor disinfection affecting growth and quality, they generally do not raise mid-Autumn silkworms. The breeding of silkworms in late autumn usually begins around September 5 and ends in early October. Due to the influence of temperature, environment, purchase price and other factors, some farmers choose to raise silkworms in spring and autumn, while others choose to cultivate silkworms in three seasons. It is learned from the investigation that one mulberry seedling is 0.4 yuan, 1440 mulberry seedlings are planted in one mu, 7-8 years is a cycle, and the average annual investment of mulberry is 87.27 yuan / mu.

The net profit of silkworm per mu is 7542.49 yuan, and the price is 2817 yuan for every 50 kilograms of silkworm. Cocoon revenue has increased as a result of rising purchase prices. In recent years, cocoon and silk processing enterprises have grown rapidly, and the total output of cocoon and silk processing and the total demand for raw materials have increased greatly. In order to maintain normal production, cocoon and silk processing enterprises have to buy raw materials together under the condition of high cocoon prices and small profit margins.

Analysis on the Market Prospect of sericulture

From the perspective of the international market, as the traditional capital of planting mulberry and sericulture, China's silk and silk processing products are favored by countries all over the world, and the consumption of silk is increasing. According to incomplete statistics, China's silk products are sold to 140 countries. Among these countries and regions, the United States, Japan and Southeast Asia are the main trade targets. After the 2008 financial crisis, with the economic recovery, China's silk exports have been steadily rising in recent years. The huge demand in the international market and the favor of China's silk have brought more room for the development of China's silkworm industry.

From the perspective of the domestic market, the market share of silk as a high-end consumption in China is very small in previous years, and the per capita silk consumption is far lower than the world average. Due to the improvement of people's material living standards, the need for the quality of home textile products is also improving. Silk, as a high-end consumption of home textile, is also entering the homes of ordinary people. When the potential huge market of our country is excavated, it will bring huge business opportunities to the whole silk industry and promote the whole industry into the fast lane of development.

How to raise silkworms in summer and autumn

The key factors for the success or failure of silkworm rearing in summer and autumn are leaf quality, climate and diseases and insect pests, followed by silkworm varieties, sericulture technology and equipment conditions. Therefore, in order to raise the autumn silkworm well, we must carefully analyze the factors affecting the summer and autumn silkworm production, grasp the key, grasp the time, and create conditions to ensure the stable and high yield of summer and autumn silkworm.

First, strictly disinfect and prevent diseases. The silkworm period is short, the pathogen is fresh and easy to be infected, so the silkworm room and silkworm equipment should be thoroughly disinfected. Take the method of spraying disinfection first, and then cleaning and disassembling and washing clean. the spray dose should be enough and sprayed to the surface. Strictly implement the "three-elimination policy" of "thorough elimination before silkworm, continued elimination in silkworm, and immediate elimination after silkworm", and put disinfection and disease prevention throughout sericulture.

Second, adjust the room temperature of sericulture. According to the different climatic characteristics of summer and autumn, corresponding measures were taken to improve the environment of sericulture. The young silkworm is covered with plastic film, which can keep warm and moisturize, which is beneficial to the healthy development of silkworm. Large silkworm period to choose tall and spacious, well-ventilated house breeding, to prevent muggy, silkworm house around to plant trees, build Arbor, reduce radiation. Hot and muggy, to strengthen ventilation, high-temperature drying to cool and moisturize.

Third, strengthen the management of mulberry leaves. Strengthening the fertilization and killing insects of mulberry to promote the growth of mulberry is the guarantee of a good harvest of silkworms in summer and autumn. At the stage of young silkworm (1-3 years old), the suitable mature leaves are green in color and soft in hand. In particular, mulberry leaves suitable for ant collection should be selected.

From the above analysis, it is not difficult to see that sericulture is a very good market prospect. China's silk is not only very popular at home, but also favored abroad. Therefore, on the road of sericulture, as long as you dare to think and dare to do it, you will certainly be able to get the wealth you want.