Master the five key points of raising and stocking native chickens

A selection of good varieties. A good breed is the basis for raising high-quality broilers. Famous local breeds of colored feathers with thin skin and bone, plump muscle, delicious meat, strong stress resistance and small and medium-sized body size should be selected, which can be Sanhuang chicken or twist blue-footed chicken, such as Palace Yellow Chicken, Henan Gushi Chicken, Guangxi Cenxi Sanhuang Chicken and Zhejiang Xianju Chicken. Excellent broiler breeds suitable for local breeding can also be selected according to local breeding habits and market consumption demand.

Pay attention to grazing. Grazing is one of the important measures to improve the meat quality of broilers. The brooding technical requirements of high-quality free-range native chickens are the same as those of fast large-scale broilers, and the chicks are raised in the greenhouse for about 30 days. Generally, grazing begins at the age of 30 days in summer, 45 days in spring and autumn and 50-60 days in cold winter. The chicken stocking site should choose bamboo orchard, orchard, tea garden, mulberry garden and other places with high dryness, shelter from the wind and sun, quiet environment, convenient drinking water, no pollution and no animal harm. Chickens can not only eat the pests and weeds in the "four gardens" mentioned above, but also accumulate for the "four gardens".

Fertilize. Grazing grounds can be set up sand pits for chicken sand bath. It is also necessary to build grass sheds or plastic sheds for shelter from rain, sunshade and cold. Broilers come out early and return late, the grazing density is 5070 / mu, and the size of each flock is about 500. In order to prevent chickens from getting lost or endangering nearby crops, fences can be set up on grazing grounds until they are sold. Strengthening grazing can improve the fruiting degree of chicken, promote strong physique and bright feathers, and can also feed on grass, grass seeds, withered leaves, insects and flies, so as to save feed and improve meat quality. If there are conditions, you can put a batch of chickens to another place, which is not only conducive to disease prevention, but also conducive to chicken foraging.

Skillfully feed. Feed is an important factor affecting meat quality. During the breeding period, high-quality native chickens should be fed with digestible and nutritious full-price feed. Because of its slow growth rate, the content of crude protein in feed was 2% lower than that of fast large broilers, and a small number of meals were achieved to promote the growth and development of chicks. During the breeding and grazing period, more green fodder, agricultural and sideline products and miscellaneous grains should be fed to improve meat quality and reduce feed cost. generally, compound feed should be fed only after returning late. 1-2 weeks before sale, if the chicken is thinner, you can increase the amount of formula feed and limit grazing for moderate fattening. Silkworm pupa, fish meal, meat meal and other animal feed should not be added to the compound feed in the middle and later period, and limited use of rapeseed meal, cottonseed meal and other feed that have adverse effects on meat quality and meat color, do not add artificial synthetic pigments, chemical synthetic non-nutritional additives and drugs, etc., appropriate amount of orange peel powder, pine needle powder, garlic, ginger, fennel, cinnamon, tea powder and other natural substances should be added to change meat color, improve meat quality and increase fresh taste.

Strict epidemic prevention. Doing a good job in epidemic prevention and disease control is an important guarantee for raising high-quality free-range native chickens. In general, the disease resistance of stocked native chickens is strong, and the incidence of disease is less than that of captive large-scale broilers. However, because of its long breeding period, grazing in the wild and more opportunities to come into contact with pathogens, it is necessary to strictly do a good job in hygiene, disinfection and epidemic prevention according to the requirements of raising chickens, and there must not be any slackness, and the following epidemic prevention work should be done according to the local reality. The recommended immunization procedures are shown in Table 1. In addition, special attention should be paid to the prevention and treatment of coccidiosis, leukocytosis and parasitic diseases in the digestive tract. Regular inspection, once occurs, timely elimination, prevention and treatment of diseases in the middle and later stages of broilers do not use synthetic drugs as far as possible, more use of traditional Chinese medicine and biological control, in order to reduce and control drug residues in chicken meat.

Sell at the right time. A suitable feeding period is an important link to improve meat quality. The content of water in chicken meat is too short, the accumulation of nutrients is not enough, the content of fresh flavor and aromatic substances is less, the meat quality is not good, the taste is not fresh, it can not reach the standard of high-quality native chicken; the feeding period is too long, the muscle fiber is too old, and the feeding cost is too high. It's not cost-effective. According to the characteristics of growth physiology and nutrient accumulation of native chickens, as well as the characteristics of faster growth and earlier sexual maturity of cocks than hens, it was determined that small broilers were on the market for 100 days and hens for 120 days, medium-sized broilers for 110 days and hens for 130 days. At this time, the body weight of listed chicken, the accumulation of nutrients, flavor and aromatic substances in chicken meat basically reached the content standard of adult chicken, and the meat quality was tender, which was the better combination point of body weight, quality and cost.