Raising dairy cows for winter strictly controls the "five passes"

Although dairy cows have cold-resistant and heat-resistant habits, due to the unusually cold winter and dry climate, if improper feeding and management, coupled with the lack of green feed, it can easily lead to a decline in milk production, and even affect the normal growth and development of dairy cows. The author believes that raising cows in winter should strictly guard against cold and keep warm in winter, and the temperature in the barn should generally be kept at 8 ℃-17 ℃. Too high temperature will also have side effects on cattle. When the temperature drops below 0 ℃ at night, cows should be driven into the barn for the night to prevent frostbite or excessive physical exertion. When the cold air invades and the temperature drops suddenly, the rear windows and vents should be plugged in time to keep the enclosure warm. In particular, the enclosure of perinatal cows, newborn calves and high-yield cattle should be properly heated to ensure that the temperature of the barn is 15 ℃-17 ℃. In addition, cows should not spend more than 6 hours in the playground during the day, preferably 3 hours in the morning and afternoon.

After all the cows enter the barn, pay attention to ensuring that the ventilation in the barn is good, the humidity should not be too high, and the relative humidity should not exceed 55%. Excessive humidity will produce strong external stimulation to dairy cows, affect their milk production, and in serious cases will be infected with some fungal diseases. At the same time, it is necessary to remove feces and urine in time and keep the enclosure clean and dry.

After a good feed allocation has entered the winter, the feed ratio should be adjusted in time to strive for diversification. In terms of the supply of concentrate feed, the protein feed remains the same, and the supply of corn should be increased by 20% Mel 50%, so as to increase the proportion of energy feed; in terms of roughage, it is best to feed silage, microsilage or brewer's grains to replace the green succulent feed eaten by dairy cows in summer and autumn. The forage composition of dairy cows is relatively simple, and an appropriate amount of calcium and phosphorus can be added to its feed, generally 5-15 grams per day. Urea is an effective source of supplementary protein and can be fed appropriately. Generally, calves over 6 months old are fed 30-50 grams per day, young cattle 70-90 grams per day, and adult cows about 150 grams per day. However, the palatability of urea is poor, so it can be mixed with 1% concentrate and fed with grass, and it is not suitable to drink water within half an hour after feeding.

Heating good drinking water off unheated tap water and well water is easy to freeze in winter, and cows often lead to indigestion after drinking, thus leading to digestive tract diseases. Therefore, when drinking water for cows, it is best to heat the water to 15 ℃-25 ℃. If you add some salt and minced beans to warm water, it will not only enhance the drinking appetite of cattle, but also have the effect of reducing fire and anti-inflammation.

Wiping the cow body with a good body brush can not only keep the cow surface clean, but also promote skin blood circulation and metabolism, help regulate body temperature and enhance disease resistance. Therefore, every day should be brushed twice in the morning and evening, each time 3-6 minutes, carefully brush all parts of the body, do not omit. In addition, the barn and sports ground should be disinfected regularly, and vaccinated according to epidemic prevention procedures, so as to find early treatment of diseases, ensure the health of dairy cows and ensure milk production.