Ministry of Finance: the progress of comprehensive rural reform in 2015

2015 is the key year for comprehensively deepening reform, the opening year for comprehensively promoting the rule of law, and the final year for the full completion of the 12th five-year Plan. Thanks to the joint efforts of various localities and relevant parties, the comprehensive reform of rural areas throughout the country has advanced steadily and made positive progress.

In 2015, the central government allocated 33.1 billion yuan for transfer payments for comprehensive rural reform, providing a financial guarantee for the smooth implementation of the reform.

First, strengthen the top-level design and clarify the overall task of the rural comprehensive reform during the 13th five-year Plan.

From November 12 to 13, a national forum on comprehensive rural reform was held in Hebi, Henan Province. The meeting conscientiously studied the spirit of the Fifth Plenary session of the 18th CPC Central Committee, summarized and reviewed the rural comprehensive reform work during the 12th five-year Plan period, and made an in-depth analysis of the current situation facing the reform. the main tasks of deepening rural comprehensive reform during the 13th five-year Plan period were clearly defined, and arrangements were made for rural comprehensive reform at present and for a period in the future. The meeting made clear the overall tasks of rural comprehensive reform during the 13th five-year Plan period: first, to strive to break through the predicament of the reform of rural relations of production and explore new ways to develop rural productive forces. We should do a good job in supporting pilot projects for the development of village-level collective economy, explore the establishment of a new mechanism for the development of rural collective economy, and solve the problem of moderate scale operation in agricultural production. We will improve the policy on ensuring the operating funds of village-level organizations, explore the establishment of a new mechanism for rural governance, and promote social stability and harmony in rural areas. Innovate the mechanism of financial support for the development of farmers' cooperatives, improve the new type of agricultural socialized service system, and explore the establishment of a new type of agricultural management system. Second, we should strive to break through the institutional obstacles of the urban-rural dual structure and explore a new mechanism for coordinating urban and rural development. We should give full play to the institutional advantages of democratic decision-making and replacing compensation with awards, expand the scope of use of the financial reward and subsidy mechanism for one-by-one discussion, further improve the living environment in rural areas, and establish a new mechanism for the development of rural public welfare undertakings. We will expand the scope of pilot projects for the operation and maintenance of rural public services, explore the construction of rural public service platforms, carry out pilot projects for the standardization of rural public services, and establish a new mechanism for the supply of rural public services. Starting with the demonstration pilot of established towns and the pilot project of beautiful rural construction, we should do a good job in the organic connection between new urbanization and new rural construction, and establish a new mechanism for the coordinated development of urban and rural areas. Third, we should strive to break through the bottleneck of rural resources and environment and explore a new model of sustainable development in agricultural and rural areas. Implement the strategy of sustainable development of agriculture, do a good job in pilot first and demonstration and extension as a whole, explore and summarize models that can be replicated and popularized, increase investment, establish a long-term mechanism, and expand the scope of pilot projects for sustainable agricultural development. We will speed up the construction of facilities for harmless treatment of domestic sewage and garbage in rural areas, carry out pilot projects for the comprehensive utilization of livestock and poultry manure and other agricultural and rural wastes, actively explore ways to solve the problem of agricultural non-point source pollution, and establish a new mechanism for sustainable development in rural areas. Fourth, we should strive to break through the disadvantages of the rural factor market system and explore a new way to realize the rural property right. We will support the registration and certification of rural land contractual management rights, explore the establishment of various forms of rural property rights transfer trading markets and service platforms, stabilize farmers' land management expectations, and increase farmers' property income.

Second, strengthen the standardized guidance of the financial reward and subsidy work of one matter and one discussion, and establish and improve a new mechanism for handling affairs in rural areas.

In accordance with the overall requirements of "keeping the soul, eliminating blind spots, highlighting key points, and standardizing operation", we will continue to carry out in-depth discussion on financial rewards and subsidies for the construction of village-level public welfare undertakings, so as to further improve the living environment in rural areas. After several years of exploration and practice, we have initially established a new mechanism for the construction of rural public welfare undertakings with farmers' democratic deliberation as the premise, civil office assistance as the means, farmers' needs as the guidance, and through financial rewards and subsidies to encourage and guide farmers to raise funds and invest in labor. it has realized the organic combination of farmers' democratic decision-making and government rewards and subsidies, and aroused the enthusiasm of farmers to change the backwardness of rural areas by self-reliance. It has found a job to serve farmers for grass-roots cadres, and has become an important decision-making platform and an effective system innovation for the construction of a new countryside, which has won the general welcome and heartfelt support of grass-roots cadres and farmers. At the same time, this system also provides a good basic platform and experience for other agriculture-related village-related projects such as reservoir resettlement, poverty alleviation and development, and improves the efficiency of project implementation and the enthusiasm of farmers to actively participate in management and protection. In 2015, the central government allocated 22.405 billion yuan to support one-by-one financial award and subsidy. At the same time, in accordance with the standard of 1.5 million yuan per village, a transfer payment of 1.35 billion yuan for comprehensive rural reform has been issued to support the protection of 1.35 billion traditional villages that have been included in the scope of central financial support.

Third, carry out the pilot project of supporting village-level collective economy and explore the effective realization form of rural collective economy.

Rural collective economy is an important embodiment of socialist public ownership economy in rural areas. With the profound economic and social changes in rural areas and the accelerating pace of marketization, the development of village-level collective economy in some places obviously lags behind, it is difficult to maintain and increase the value of collective assets, resources and funds, and the village collective lacks the ability of self-development and security. In order to develop and strengthen the village-level collective economy, cultivate new growth points of the rural economy, and consolidate the grass-roots political power in rural areas, the Ministry of Finance issued the "Circular on Printing and Printing", which made it clear that since 2016, the central finance has selected 13 provinces, including Hebei and Liaoning, to carry out pilot work to support the development of village-level collective economy. The pilot project adheres to the combination of self-reliance and policy support, with the goal of enhancing the collective economic strength at the village level and realizing the common prosperity of farmers, and adheres to the principles of collective ownership, market orientation, reform and innovation, adapting measures to local conditions and village leadership. Take the effective use of rural collective assets, resources and funds as the link, and take the cooperation of land shares and agricultural production and operation as the main forms of operation. Explore various forms of realization of collective economy, such as effective use of resources, provision of services, property management and mixed operation, so as to give full play to the advantages of village-level collective economy and mobilize the enthusiasm of village collective members. enhance the village collective self-development, self-service, self-management ability and level. The central government supports local governments to carry out pilot work in the form of awards and subsidies. At the same time, the pilot areas are required to strengthen the innovation of systems and mechanisms, improve the village collective internal management system, strengthen the effectiveness of comprehensive policy support, and ensure the effectiveness of the pilot project.

IV. carry out the demonstration pilot construction of beautiful villages and established towns as a whole, and explore the establishment of a new mechanism for the coordinated development of urban and rural areas.

(1) steadily advance the pilot work for the construction of beautiful villages and strive to improve the living environment in rural areas. The 18th CPC National Congress requires that the construction of ecological civilization be placed in a prominent position and strive to build a beautiful China. Beautiful China needs not only urban beauty, but also rural beauty. Since 2013, we have actively and steadily promoted the pilot project of beautiful rural construction in places where conditions permit, and organized and implemented a number of pilot projects of "beautiful villages, prosperous industries, rich farmers and sustainable". The pilot area aims at road hardening, sanitary purification, village lighting, environmental beautification, and happy life, and adheres to planning, government leadership and farmers. Focus on leisure tourism, ecological and environmental protection, cultural heritage, characteristic agriculture and other aspects to enhance rural functions. According to statistics, in 2015, the central government invested 2.945 billion yuan to support the construction of beautiful villages, and a number of beautiful villages suitable for living, industry and tourism have become brands and business cards of local economic and social development. On April 29, 2015, together with the National Standards Committee, we formally issued the "Guide to Beautiful Rural Construction", defining the "maximum common divisor" of beautiful rural construction in the overall direction and basic requirements. 21 quantitative indicators have been stipulated in the fields of village construction, ecological environment, economic development and public services, standardizing the basic elements of beautiful villages, and providing framework and directional technical guidance for beautiful rural construction. At the same time, the standard reserves room for the development of rural individualization, and encourages all localities to adjust measures to local conditions and innovative development according to the endowment of rural resources.

(2) successfully launch the demonstration pilot project of the established town and explore a new mode of local urbanization of farmers. In 2014, in accordance with the spirit of the Central working Conference on New urbanization, the Ministry of Finance, the Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Construction jointly carried out a pilot project to demonstrate the construction of towns. A total of 90 towns across the country have been included in the pilot project. In 2015, the central government allocated 1.83 billion yuan to continue to support the pilot project of demonstration towns. All localities, in the light of local reality, take the problem as the guide, take the policy as the guidance, take the actual effect as the goal, adopt competition to set up projects, reasonably select pilot towns, define the objectives and tasks, and highlight the key contents. in particular, active explorations have been carried out around the innovation of the integrated system and mechanism of urban and rural development, the supply mechanism of rural public services, the investment and financing system of established towns, and the optimization of the industrial development environment. From the perspective of some pilot areas, the development ideas of pilot towns have been further clarified, their industrial advantages have been strengthened, the capacity of infrastructure and public services has made considerable progress, and the capacity of sustainable development, comprehensive carrying capacity, and urban and rural areas have been further enhanced. the pilot has achieved preliminary results.

V. actively promote relevant reform issues and explore new ways to solve key problems

(1) to do a good job in the demonstration pilot of comprehensive rural reform as a whole. In 2015, the central government allocated 3.07 billion yuan to support the demonstration pilot work of comprehensive rural reform. The central government supported 109000 administrative villages in 11 provinces to carry out a pilot operation and maintenance mechanism for rural public services. Among them, Liaoning, Jiangsu, Sichuan, Guizhou and Ningxia independently pressurized the pilot project to achieve full coverage, effectively solving the problem of operation and maintenance of rural public services strongly reflected by the peasant masses. Shanxi, Inner Mongolia and other eight provinces have carried out pilot projects of a new type of agricultural socialized service system, actively exploring how to give full play to the role of the market mechanism through the purchase of services by the government, and to establish a new agricultural socialized service mechanism with an organic combination of agricultural science, science and education. and a new way to solve the problem of "the last kilometer" of agricultural technology service. Taking counties and districts as units, Zhejiang, Anhui and Guangdong provinces have selected some counties and districts to carry out pilot reforms of the rural property rights system, such as registering and issuing certificates for the confirmation of rural collective property rights, and exploring the establishment of a rural collective property rights transfer market. Two provinces of Zhejiang and Ningxia have explored and carried out pilot projects to support the development and growth of the village collective economy, and encouraged the village collective to develop and strengthen its strength through preferential policies to support the development of the property economy and characteristic industries, so as to improve the self-protection and self-development ability of collective organizations.

(2) to steadily carry out a pilot project for the reform of social functions run by state-owned farms. In 2015, the central government allocated 1.5 billion yuan to continue to support 17 provinces to carry out pilot reforms of social functions run by state-owned farms. Through the reform, the social functions undertaken by the local state-owned farms have been gradually transferred to the local government management and social management in the pilot areas, thus straightening out the relationship, reducing the burden, and enhancing the economic development vitality of the farms.

In 2016, in accordance with the development ideas of the country's 13th five-year Plan, we will earnestly implement the development concept of innovation, coordination, green, openness and sharing, grasp the development situation, clarify the requirements of reform, and innovate the system and mechanism for the integration of urban and rural development. we will promote the comprehensive reform of rural areas to achieve practical results.