Breeding techniques of raising Dairy cows

1. Formulate the reproduction index of the herd

To work out the reproduction plan, we must first determine the reproduction index. The ideal reproduction rate should be 100%, with a calving interval of 12 months, but this is not easy to do. Therefore, in the actual production, the reproduction rate is not less than 85%, and the calving interval is not more than 13 months. The commonly used indicators to measure fecundity are: annual total conception rate ≥ 85%, calculation formula: annual total conception rate = annual number of pregnant cows / number of annual mating cows × 100% annual estrus conception rate ≥ 50%, calculation formula: annual conception rate = annual number of pregnant cows / total number of insemination periods × 100% annual average fetal spacing ≤ 400days, calculation formula: annual average interfetal running = ∑ spacing / annual reproduction rate ≤ 85%, formula:

Annual reproduction rate = number of calving cows per year / number of cows that can be reproduced per year × 100%

2. Make a breeding and mating plan

Reproduction is the hub that connects all aspects of dairy cow production. There is a very close relationship between reproduction and milk production. In order to increase the income of milk production and the income of calves, we must make a good breeding plan. The herd breeding plan is not only a measure to make timely breeding and delivery of cows according to the expected requirements, but also an important basis for working out the herd turnover plan. In drawing up the delivery plan of mating, we should not proceed from the law of natural production and give birth as much as possible. On the basis of a comprehensive study of the law of cattle production and economic requirements, we should do a good job in breeding and matching, according to the initial breeding age, pregnancy period, calving interval, production direction, production task, feed supply, barn equipment and feeding management level and other conditions, determine the time and number of large-scale breeding and delivery of cattle in order to work out the breeding and delivery plan. The reproductive characteristics of cows are sporadic mating and delivery throughout the year, but the seasonal characteristics are not obvious. The so-called planned control of calving is to arrange the delivery time of the cow to the most suitable season for milk production, which is conducive to improving production performance.