Key points of breeding techniques of cultured abalone

Abalone is a kind of marine and mollusk, which has been listed as "the first of the eight treasures" since ancient times. The dishes made with abalone are delicious and coveted. Its shell has a wide range of uses, not only can be made into valuable handicrafts, but also has a certain medical value. Abalone is divided into two parts: shell and software. in the past, it only depended on natural harvesting, but now it can be cultured artificially. Propagation and breeding are very important in artificial culture.

I. conditions for raising seedlings

(1) mature parent abalone: an undamaged healthy individual with a shell length of more than 6 cm; the gonad is extremely full, covering most of the digestive gland, protruding from the edge of the shell, and the end becomes pure because it is full of sperm and egg cells.

(2) the temporary culture ponds of abalone and the breeding ponds of young abalone should be covered with plastic sheet in the dark day.

(3) Collector: mainly made of transparent plexiglass, polyethylene plastic algae board and film, etc.

(4) collecting frame: it is made of steel bar, wrapped with thin film, or tied with fine bamboo and wood.

II. Technological process

Parent abalone culture "artificially induced spawning" screening fertilized egg larva collection and culture (timely sparse separate culture) juvenile abalone culture.

For abalone breeding, the bait is particularly important and must be prepared in advance. Before the larvae are collected, the collector should be pre-attached with benthic diatoms or soaked in a flat and thin culture pool for several days. Then these collectors with adherent diatoms and unicellular diatoms were moved into the larval culture pool to collect the larvae at the later stage of the surface plate.

In the process of abalone breeding, algae culture should be continuously strengthened. In addition to adding appropriate amount of nutrition to the larval culture pond, light should be strengthened at the same time to promote the reproduction speed of benthic diatoms and maintain a balance between the reproduction number of benthic diatoms and the food intake of larvae or juveniles. For this reason, fertilizers should be added constantly. If there is not enough food basically, supplementary food should be added or food plates should be replaced after changing water to meet the feed intake of larvae.

III. Disease prevention and control

Symptoms of autistic disease: abalone foot epithelial tissue fell off, the sick individual is not active. There was no response to mechanical stimulation in severe illness. There are active bacteria in the blood, the body fades, tentacles are weak, visceral mass atrophy, feet retract, abalone from metamorphosis to 1 cm persistent death, sometimes a death peak.

Pathogen: red abalone is prone to autistic disease when it is young, and the biochemical characteristics of the isolated bacteria are close to those of alginic acid isolates.

Time: it is easy to develop disease under high temperature or excessive oxygenation.

Prevention: young abalone should be cultured in a suitable environment, and the wound of injured abalone can be washed with medicine.

Treatment: 1) soak with chloramphenicol 25-50ppm seawater solution for 0.5-1 hour, or with compound sulfamethoxazole 1% seawater solution for 5 minutes. 2) wipe the wound with chloramphenicol or sulfamethoxazole 5% seawater solution.

The above drug treatment methods need to put the abalone in the air for 10-15 minutes, so that the liquid fully infiltrated into the focus, and then put back into the sea water for feeding. In addition, repeat the treatment the next day if necessary.