Analysis on the selection and Management of breeding Wild Boar

Estrus and breeding of wild boar

The coat of wild boar is thick and thin, usually gray or grayish yellow. Adult sows weigh 90 kg ~ 130 kg and are sensitive to external environment. There are generally 6 ~ 7 pairs of wild boar nipples, with an annual production of 2.5 babies, usually 10 ~ 15 per fetus. The suitable mating time is from 5 months to 6 months and the body weight is 40 kg ~ 60 kg. When sows are in estrus, they generally adopt the principle of early mating of first-parturient sows and late mating of parturient sows. When the wild boar is in estrus, the external genitals are obviously red and swollen, and when the external genitals change from red to dark purple, from swelling to slight wrinkle, or when the hands press the buttocks of the sow, and the sow stands still, it is the best time to breed. The mating time of male and female wild boars is slightly longer than that of domestic pigs. According to experience, it is best to adopt multiple mating, that is, mating again after an interval of 6 to 8 hours. This can significantly improve the conception rate of sows. When the female wild boar is in estrus, the boar can also be driven into the sow pen for 1 ~ 2 days, when the boar can climb and mate many times at night. After confirming the success of mating, drive out the boar. After 20 days, observe whether the wild boar is still in estrus. Generally, the oestrus cycle of the wild boar is 18 days. If not, it proves that the wild boar has mated successfully.

Breeding pig selection

Farmers engaged in wild boar farming must have 1 ~ 2 purebred wild boars. As the saying goes: good sow, good litter; good boar, good slope. This shows the importance of breeding boars. Choosing a good wild boar for breeding is of vital significance to the pros and cons of future generations. Purebred wild boars, such as length, leg height and mouth tip, which accord with the characteristics of wild boar, are generally selected as breeding pigs. The offspring of the special wild boar crossbred with wild boar and domestic pig have the phenomenon of atavism, that is, the pig produced is not like a wild boar but like a domestic pig. Therefore, the special wild boar of binary hybrid should not be reserved for breeding. If limited by conditions, when not using special wild boars as breeding boars, three-way hybrid special wild boars with more than 70% of wild boar consanguinity should also be selected as breeding pigs, and inbreeding should be prevented in terms of blood relationship, so that their offspring have strong disease resistance and grow rapidly.

Breeding pigs are overfed.

Wild boar was originally a wild animal, with leaves and weeds as the staple food, and this characteristic was also retained under artificial feeding. 60% to 70% of the feed was mainly green feed such as grass and green vegetables. On the other hand, some farmers use the experience of raising domestic pigs to feed wild boars with full-price feed, which not only greatly increases the cost, but also because there is no feed restriction for the early growth of back-up breeding pigs, coupled with the high nutrition level in the diet, the boar is too fat and overweight, which makes it difficult for boars to climb or sows can not stand the climbing of boars, resulting in difficulties in mating or normal breeding. At this time, we should restrict the feeding of wild boars, take green feed as the staple food and strengthen exercise at the same time.

Lack of nutrition

Breeding boars need more crude protein and vitamins, such as deficiency in diet, which will affect the physique and semen quality of breeding boars, resulting in few and sparse semen, incomplete sperm development and poor motility, decreased conception rate, and even loss of breeding ability. Lack of minerals such as calcium, manganese, zinc and selenium can also cause gonadal degeneration and dullness of libido. Therefore, there should be a balanced supply of nutrients for breeding boars, and animal feed rich in crude protein, such as fish meal, bone meal, soybean meal, shrimp, silkworm pupa, etc., should be supplied year-round, and green and succulent feed rich in vitamins should also be fed more. Vitamin additives can be supplemented after insufficient green succulent feed or male wild boar mating in winter in the north. If lack of minerals, usually feed a variety of calcium-rich green succulent feed and hay powder, phosphorus-rich bran and supplement appropriate amount of bone powder, stone powder or shell powder and so on.