Nursing Care of Xiang Pig before and after giving birth

I. feeding and management before giving birth

The focus of feeding and management of Xiang pigs before delivery is to ensure smooth delivery of sows and improve the survival rate of piglets. The main measure is to do a good job of antenatal care and prenatal preparation.

1. Antenatal care. According to the fat condition and breast development of sows, corresponding nursing measures were taken. If the body is good, breast development is normal, about 10 days before delivery can appropriately reduce the amount of feed, especially large, indigestible coarse materials should be reduced to prevent constipation. Three to five days before delivery, the feeding amount should be reduced to 1 beat 2 or 1 beat 3 in the third trimester of pregnancy, and the green succulent feed should be stopped at the same time, so as to prevent the pig stomach and intestinal feces from oppressing the fetus in the uterus, resulting in preterm delivery, dystocia or stillbirth. At the same time, it can also avoid piglets diarrhea caused by excessive milk in the early postpartum period, or mastitis caused by excess milk. Sows with poor body condition and withered breasts should not be cut down. About 10 days before delivery, add some high-protein cake feed or animal feed, such as bean cake, fish meal and so on. 2-3 days before delivery, should not be overfed, properly fed some gruel-like diets.

two。 Beware of constipation. 3-7 days before parturition, wild grazing or field sports should be stopped and sows should be allowed to move freely in the pen. If there is constipation in parturient sows, it should be relieved urgently, otherwise it is disadvantageous to delivery. Can be properly fed with green feed and wheat bran, or with soapy water isothermal with soy body temperature, give sows enema every 12 hours until defecation is normal. But do not use irritant laxatives so as not to cause preterm birth.

3. Prenatal preparation. 7-10 days before giving birth, prepare the delivery equipment and medicine, clean the delivery room, choose 3%-5% carbolic acid, 2%-3% soda water or 2% caustic soda water to disinfect, brush the wall with lime water, keep the floor dry and hygienic, and spread soft and clean hay. The abdomen, breasts and vagina of the sow to be delivered should be scrubbed with warm water. The pig body should be brushed with a brush to clean the dirt, and then 2.5% of the temperature should be used for cleaning and disinfection. Whether sows are delivered in a special delivery room or in the same pen, the room should be kept clean, dry, warm, quiet and ventilated. In general, the temperature of the delivery room is controlled at about 20 ℃, and the relative humidity is 65% and 75%.

4. Signs of labor. 15 days before delivery, sows had swollen breasts and obvious sagging abdomen; 24 hours before delivery, colostrum secreted; when they were about to give birth, they were restless, frequent urination, grass nests, pubic redness and swelling, and so on.

Second, nursing after giving birth.

1. Assist in childbirth. Sows should do a good job of midwifery when giving birth. After giving birth, midwives should cut the umbilical cord of piglets and disinfect them, and then dry the whole body of piglets with dry towels. In general, sows give birth to a piglet every 5-25 minutes, the whole delivery process takes about 2-3 hours, or even longer, but more than 8 hours is dystocia, depending on the situation, corresponding midwifery measures should be taken to ensure the safety of the mother. In the case of normal delivery, the placenta of piglets will be excreted 20-30 minutes after delivery, at this time, midwives should promptly clean the placenta and dirty grass and replace them with clean bedding grass; if the placenta can not be excreted for more than 3 hours, the sow should be injected with vasopressin to promote the excretion of placenta so as not to affect the health of sows.

two。 Do not feed cold water. During delivery, sows can be fed with dilute hot bran salt water to replenish their physical strength and prevent sows from thirst and eat piglets. Do not feed cold water, so as not to stimulate the uterus to affect delivery.

3. Postpartum diet. Sows are extremely tired, thirsty, have no appetite and do not want to move after giving birth. There is no need to rush to feed a lot of feed, just feed some dilute hot bran brine. Even if postpartum sows have a strong appetite, they should be properly fed with porridge about 6 hours after delivery. In general, only warm salt water or bran salt water can be fed on the first day after delivery, and an appropriate amount of plantain can be added to clear fire; from the second to the third day, only thin porridge should be fed, not too full; and then gradually increase the amount of porridge feed to reach the normal feeding level of lactation on the eighth day or so. Quantitative feeding. Only the sows with weak physique and poor body condition can be properly fed with concentrate on the second day after delivery, but they can not be overfed.