Breeding in the early stage of breeding of farmed crocodiles

Through the above investigation of the disease, we can provide a certain degree of impression diagnosis basis for the occurrence and prevalence of the disease, but the final diagnosis still needs a series of comprehensive diagnostic methods and techniques. The clinical symptoms of the group (individual) should also be examined.

(1) the examination of mental state and reaction ability of alligators have some differences in behavior among different ages, physiological states and feeding environments. The young alligator is more active than the adult crocodile, the breeding alligator is mentally excited during the breeding and mating period, and the female crocodile will become more ferocious during the incubation period. The amount of activity increases on an empty stomach before feeding, but after feeding, especially in a comfortable feeding environment, the body can be stretched for a long time, the respiratory rate slows down, and the eyes are slightly closed for a quiet rest. Alligators living under long-term feeding conditions become relatively slow to respond to abnormal sound and outsiders, but still maintain the ability to respond quickly. After the crocodile gets sick, there will be abnormal mental state and decreased response ability, such as dull spirit, head and neck tremors, distortion, slow swimming and crawling speed, curvilinear movement or in-situ rotation, and decreased reaction speed to feed when feeding. Even the use of sticks and other external stimuli are also lack of sufficient response ability. There are some differences in the manifestations of different types of diseases. For alligators with mild symptoms, a decline in movement speed and sustainability can also be found by careful observation. In addition, abnormal posture of alligators can be seen when limbs or vertebrae are fractured.

(2) foraging examination 1. The species, age, individual, physiological state and eating habits of appetite alligator have certain differences on the species of food-loving feed, and the corresponding appetite is also different, but healthy alligators generally have a strong preference for animal feed such as fish, chicken, animal meat and so on. In addition, the strength of appetite is also related to the state of hunger and satiety of alligators. People who are in a state of hunger can pay attention to the operation related to feeding, the sound made, the appearance of feeding personnel, etc., and can smell the smell of feed at a longer distance. and showed a strong begging reaction. 2. The digestion rate and metabolic intensity of feed intake of alligator have a direct impact on the quantity of feed intake. Therefore, the species, age, physiological status, growth rate, environmental temperature, feeding season and nutritional characteristics of food (such as water content, digestibility and palatability) of alligator should be taken into account in the inspection of food intake. In this examination, in addition to independent examination of individual food intake with obvious symptoms of the disease, special attention should be paid to the change of the total food intake of each group in order to reveal the disease in the early stage. 3. the feeding speed alligator has a strong and long skull, and the strong jaw muscles around the jaw can quickly flatten and crush the food in the mouth. at the same time, the neatly arranged conical sharp teeth in the mouth can tear up large pieces of food in the water, while the small pieces of food can be swallowed directly, so the healthy alligator is very fast. In addition to loss of appetite, diseased crocodiles can also see a decrease in the rate of feeding, or even only eat a certain part of the food. 4. Abnormal feeding can be seen in sick alligators by chance, such as the change of feeding habits and posture. It can also be found that overfeeding of young alligators leads to diseases (such as gout).

(3) body surface appearance examination 1. Armored and skinned alligators can be called powerful armored animals: some species of alligators are covered with ossified broad and strong scales, which can protect the internal tissues and organs of the body and protect against all kinds of injuries from the outside. Although some species of alligators have almost no scales, they have complete and tough skin to prevent all kinds of bad stimulation from invading the body and adapt to the needs of life in water and terraces. Therefore, intact and healthy armor and skin have a special effect on alligators. However, the alligator's skin temperature is low, the scales have no blood vessels, and the skin metabolism is relatively weak. self-recovery function is poor, when it is injured, it is vulnerable to infection and opens the door for a variety of pathogenic microorganisms to invade the human body. The easily damaged parts of alligator skin are mostly found in the end of the snout, the abdomen, the base of the extremities and the soles of the feet. 2. Oral alligator has a large volume of oral cavity, when oral examination, we should first pay attention to the smoothness, color and integrity of the oral membrane; secondly, we should smell the smell of the mouth; in addition, we should check for tooth loss and damage. Gingival inflammation of the cold alligator in the opening of the mouth, you can also see the obvious pathological changes in the deeper peridiural laryngeal area. 3. The eye and nose alligator can show the pathological changes of the eye when suffering from some diseases. usually binocular changes are the main changes, and unilateral eye damage can also occur in individual cases. Eye lesions can show inflammation of the eyelids, orbital distension, serious cases can spread to the skin around the outside of the eyes, and even spread to the entire head. At the same time, inflammatory or purulent secretions can be seen in the eyes, and in severe cases, it can be difficult to eat because of visual impairment. The main pathological changes in the nasal area are the flushing and swelling of the nasal membrane and the increase of the third secretion in the nasal cavity, which can affect the normal respiration in severe cases. 4. The cloacal cavity of the cloacal alligator is located on the ventral side of the tail base of its body, which is almost closed in normal state, and the opening is not obvious during examination. During the lesion, redness and swelling of the area and surrounding skin can be seen. Using two fingers to open the examination, it can be found that the color of the cloacal private membrane becomes dark, edema and even bleeding spots (spots). When squeezing a little hard, you can sometimes see a small amount of pathological excrement with thin white or slightly pink.

(4) after other clinical symptoms, the alligator may show not only the above-mentioned general symptoms, but also the related symptoms which are closely related to the disease. Such as coughing, opening mouth breathing, breathing and other clinical manifestations related to respiratory diseases. For example, when infected with digestive tract diseases, there are often pathological symptoms such as watery excreta, fishy smell or containing air bubbles, necrotic intestinal mucosa and food that have not yet been completely digested.