Tips for sericulture in rural areas

I think we are quite familiar with silkworms, many children usually like to raise and play, sericulture farmers have accumulated a lot of useful practical experience in daily sericulture production, and now introduce several tips on sericulture in rural areas for reference by sericulturists.

Techniques of sericulture in rural areas

1. The production of "Dust Mask" many silkworm farmers know that the key to sericulture is strict disinfection, but when shaking anti-stiff powder, the dust is very heavy and the smell is pungent, so it is often done hastily. Here is a kind of "dust mask". It is very simple, that is, after wetting the mask, the powder will adhere to the outside of the mask, will not be inhaled into the human body, and the smell will be reduced.

2. The ingenious use of camphor pills now many silkworm farmers are using checkered cluster automatic clustering technology, which can save a lot of labor and time. Then the use of clustering agent is very important. There is a simple and effective drug, the common camphor pill. Mix 1 part of camphor ball with 50 parts of lime powder, shake one layer on the old silkworm and show a thin frost shape.

3. The use of snakeskin pocket is now promoting sericulture in many places. There are many used snakeskin bags (woven bags) in rural areas, such as chemical fertilizer and cement, which are very useful for silkworm platforms. Cut open the snakeskin pocket, wash and disinfect it (pay attention! Be sure to wash and disinfect) spread on the silkworm platform woven with bamboo slices, and raise large silkworms, which just adapt to the conditions that the growth of big silkworms need ventilation and ventilation, the occurrence of silkworm disease is less, and silkworms develop well.

4. Drying materials the drying materials widely used in sericulture are usually coke bran. But sometimes can not find bran shell, in fact, there are many rural sericulture drying materials, such as: rapeseed shell, rice straw section, wheat straw section, etc., burned into semi-charred lime powder (seven parts of dry bran to three parts of lime) sprinkled silkworm seat, moisture absorption is also better; there is also burning plant ash, can also be directly used as drying materials.

Does sericulture make money?

Mulberry cocoon culture is divided into spring silkworm, summer silkworm, autumn silkworm, autumn silkworm is divided into mid-autumn silkworm and late autumn silkworm, the quality of spring silkworm is the best, followed by autumn silkworm. Breeding varieties are agricultural mulberry, and so on. The growth cycle of silkworm cocoons is limited by air temperature. Spring silkworms are reared around April 20 every year, 26-27 days are a growth cycle, and summer felling begins around May 20. After mulberry trees grow new leaves, they begin to breed silkworms around June 25, and 24-25 days is a growth cycle. Because of the short interval between Mid-Autumn Festival silkworms and summer silkworms, for fear of poor disinfection affecting growth and quality, they generally do not raise mid-Autumn silkworms. The breeding of silkworms in late autumn usually begins around September 5 and ends in early October. Due to the influence of temperature, environment, purchase price and other factors, some farmers choose to raise silkworms in spring and autumn, while others choose to cultivate silkworms in three seasons. It is learned from the investigation that one mulberry seedling is 0.4 yuan, 1440 mulberry seedlings are planted in one mu, 7-8 years is a cycle, and the average annual investment of mulberry is 87.27 yuan / mu.

The net profit of silkworm per mu is 7542.49 yuan, and the price is 2817 yuan for every 50 kilograms of silkworm. Cocoon revenue has increased as a result of rising purchase prices. In recent years, cocoon and silk processing enterprises have grown rapidly, and the total output of cocoon and silk processing and the total demand for raw materials have increased greatly. In order to maintain normal production, cocoon and silk processing enterprises have to buy raw materials together under the condition of high cocoon prices and small profit margins.

The prospect and market situation of sericulture

From the perspective of the international market, as the traditional capital of planting mulberry and sericulture, China's silk and silk processing products are favored by countries all over the world, and the consumption of silk is increasing. According to incomplete statistics, China's silk products are sold to 140 countries. The United States, Japan and Japan are the main trade targets in these countries and regions. After the 2008 financial crisis, with the economic recovery, China's silk exports have been steadily rising in recent years. The huge demand in the international market and the favor of China's silk have brought more room for the development of China's silkworm industry. From the perspective of the domestic market, the market share of silk as a high-end consumption in China is very small in previous years, and the per capita silk consumption is far lower than the world average. Due to the improvement of people's material living standards, the need for the quality of home textile products is also improving. Silk, as a high-end consumption of home textile, is also entering the homes of ordinary people. When the potential huge market of our country is excavated, it will bring huge business opportunities to the whole silk industry and promote the whole industry into the fast lane of development.

Although the demand for silk in the international and domestic markets is increasing, because mulberry sericulture is a labor-intensive industry and occupies a large land area, the eastern part of China, as a traditional area of mulberry sericulture, the growing shortage of land resources and local people engaged in other industries can obtain greater benefits, resulting in the loss of advantages of mulberry sericulture. The whole trend of planting mulberry and sericulture began to gradually transfer to the western region with rich human resources, low labor costs and relatively sufficient land resources. for example, the proportion of silk produced in Guizhou, Guangxi, Shaanxi and other places is increasing year by year. At the same time, according to the actual situation, the state is also implementing the strategic adjustment of "shifting mulberry from east to west" to the silkworm industry, and increasing capital investment and policy support to the west, all of which bring development opportunities to the local silkworm industry.

Technical points of sericulture

1. Pay attention to the management of ant collection and thinning period. Dark protection of transformed eggs: the day before the seed, the small silkworm room was heated to 26% or 7%, and harmful gases were discharged. The difference between dry and wet was 1 Mel 2 ℃. After receiving the silkworm eggs, they were quickly transported to the small silkworm room for dark protection. Place a piece of anti-dry paper in the silkworm foil, place the eggs facing down, push the eggs flat on the anti-dry paper, and cover the egg net to fix the eggs. Then cover with a piece of anti-drying paper, cover with silkworm foil, and place it in the middle of the silkworm rack until it hatches.

2. Strictly disinfect and prevent diseases. The younger the silkworm age, the weaker the resistance, so it is necessary to strictly disinfect and prevent the disease. After collecting ants, the silkworm body was disinfected with anti-stiff powder, and the silkworm seat or disease prevention No. 1 was used to disinfect silkworm seat and silkworm body from the 2nd instar and the middle stage.

3. Do a good job of regulating temperature and moisturizing. According to the feeding requirements of heat preservation and moisture preservation of young silkworms, the main form of feeding is mulch rearing. In order to keep the mulberry leaves fresh and promote the development of silkworms. Young silkworms can adapt to higher temperature and humidity. However, with the development of the age to properly reduce the temperature and humidity, the standard temperature and humidity needed by the silkworm is: 1 instar temperature 27, 2 Mel 27, 8%. Dry-wet difference 1Mel 2 ℃: 2 age temperature 26,1Mel 26,7 ℃, dry-wet difference 1Mel 2 ℃: 3 age temperature 25Mel 25,6 ℃, dry-wet difference 2mm 3 ℃.

4. Select mulberry leaves. The young silkworm grows rapidly and its body weight increases rapidly, so the young silkworm needs to choose high-quality mulberry leaves with more water, rich protein and appropriate carbohydrates to meet the needs of its rapid growth and development.

5. Expand seats in time and give silkworms to mulberry. Young silkworms grow rapidly. The area of silkworm body increases rapidly. In order to avoid frequent contact with silkworms and mutual infection, seats must be expanded in time. The moving range of the young silkworm is small, and the perception distance to the mulberry leaves is short. Before giving the mulberry, the silkworm should be evenly seated, and then the mulberry should be given to ensure that the young silkworm is full.

Although they are only small silkworm worms, there is a great demand for silk in the market, so many people are concerned about this business opportunity, but it still takes some efforts to develop successfully on the road of sericulture.