Disease Management in the later stage of dry Milk of breeding Dairy Cow

The late stage of dry milk refers to the period from the end of pre-dry milk to before delivery. It is also known as the pre-perinatal period, that is, 2 weeks before delivery.

The cow is close to delivery in the pre-perinatal period, at this time, if the feeding management is improper, the cow is easy to dye all kinds of diseases. Therefore, this stage of feeding is health care as the center.

The feeding should be flexibly controlled according to the fat condition of the cow and the degree of breast development and swelling. For overweight cows, concentrate should be reduced at this time, and the diet should be based on high-quality hay. For malnourished cows, concentrate should be increased immediately, but the maximum amount of concentrate should not exceed 1% of body weight. Increasing the amount of concentrate feeding before delivery and gradually adjusting the rumen microflora to adapt to the type of concentrate feeding can help cows quickly adapt to the feeding of high milk yield and high concentrate feed after delivery, and maintain a strong appetite for concentrate feed. Make the cow fully lactation and the peak of lactation come ahead of time, reduce the incidence of ketosis. However, for cows with severe breast edema and recessive mastitis before delivery, it is not appropriate to increase concentrate feed too much, so as not to aggravate breast distension or cause mastitis. At the same time, for those with severe breast edema, salt should also be reduced.

Recent studies have proved that the use of low calcium feeding method two weeks before parturition can effectively prevent postpartum paralysis, that is, the calcium content in general diet is reduced from 0.6% of dry matter to 0.2%, because the normal blood calcium level of cattle is maintained, it is regulated by parathyroid hormone released by parathyroid glands, and when the dietary calcium supply is insufficient, it is not enough to maintain the normal level of cow blood calcium. The enhanced functional regulation of the parathyroid gland will decompose bone calcium from the cow body to maintain the blood calcium level, so when giving birth, a continuous supply of bone calcium is transported to the blood, which avoids a large amount of postpartum milk secretion of the cow. Calcium is excreted from the milk, resulting in postpartum paralysis.

The pre-perinatal diet should reduce the large volume of succulent feed, at this time the fetus is enlarged, compression affects the normal peristalsis of the digestive tract and is easy to cause constipation. In the concentrate to appropriately increase the proportion of wheat bran, because the bran contains more magnesium, with light diarrhea, can prevent the occurrence of prenatal constipation. Daily supplementation of vitamin An and vitamin D (or intramuscular injection) can improve the health level of newborn calves, improve the survival rate, and reduce the incidence of placenta retention and postpartum paralysis.

The focus of perinatal management is health care, prevention of reproductive tract and breast infection and the occurrence of metabolic diseases. Cows should be transferred to the delivery room from 7 to 10 days before delivery and should be nursed by special personnel. Before changing the group, it is appropriate to use 2% caustic soda water to spray and disinfect the delivery room, lay clean and dry mat grass, and the delivery room should establish and adhere to the daily cleaning and disinfection system. After the cow's hindquarters and limbs are washed and sterilized with 2%-3% Laisuer solution, they can be transferred to the delivery room, and the transfer records can be registered and handed over.

In the delivery room to keep the cow bed clean, often change the bedding grass. Guard against the attack of the wind on the cow. Drink warm water in winter, the best water temperature is about 36 ℃, never drink ice water and feed frozen spoiled feed, so as not to cause diarrhea and cause preterm delivery. Pay attention to observe the changes of the breast every day, if there is excessive edema, especially the more high-yielding cows, the more serious the edema, diuretics can be given appropriately to reduce the degree of edema. If the breasts are found to be red and hard, milking can be carried out in advance, but colostrum should be preserved. When the weather is sunny, to drive cattle out of the delivery room to enjoy exercise, do not shut up in the wet barn all day, unhealthy, susceptible to disease.