Practical techniques of eel culture

Eel, alias: White eel, eel, river eel, Japanese eel. Eel refers to the general name of species that belong to the classification of eels. Eel, also known as eel, is a fish that looks like a long snake and has the basic characteristics of a fish. In addition, eel is similar to salmon in migratory characteristics. Eel is a fish, like a snake, but scaleless, generally found in the sea area at the junction of salt and fresh water.

I. conditions of the farm

1. Water source: the plain area is dominated by rivers and lakes, while the mountain areas are dominated by streams and springs. It is best to have groundwater so that deep well water can be extracted for backup. The water consumption of the farm is very large, so the water must be sufficient. Generally, it takes about 25 cubic meters of water to cultivate 1 kilogram of edible eel, so it is based on it in the design. The suitable water quality is pH 7-8, transparency is more than 20 cm, and there is no harm from industrial sewage.

two。 Power supply: the farm needs sufficient power, and generally the eel pond should be equipped with an aerator with 1 kilowatt power per mu. An eel farm with an annual output of 100 tons of edible eel needs at least 150 KVA transformers and ensures that there is no power outage all the year round.

3. Other: loam is the best soil for construction, and the terrain is required to be flat and the climate is warm. if the thermal drainage or hot spring water of the thermal power plant can be used, the benefit is more obvious. in addition, convenient land and water transportation is required to transport feed and commodity eels.

Second, the design of eel pond

At present, there are two common eel ponds in China: open-air still water type and waste heat warm water type. The main points of their construction are as follows:

1. Open-air still water eel ponds: using natural water such as rivers, lakes, reservoirs and groundwater as water sources, the cost of building the pond is low, and the power consumption is low, but the output is relatively low, with a yield of only 1 to 2 tons per mu, which is the main way of raising eels in our country at present. The scale of the eel farm is generally 50 mu of water. The eel ponds are raised according to different specifications of eels, usually divided into one, two, three and four edible eel ponds. The shape of the pool is usually round or oval, the injection outlet is crossed relative to each other, the anti-escape facilities are set up, and the sunny leeward edge of the pool is selected to set up a food shed.

two。 Warm running water eel culture pond: it is required that the water temperature should be controlled at about 27 ℃ of the optimum water temperature for eel growth, and water culture should be carried out. It has the advantages of less diseases, fast growth and high yield per unit area, so it is an advanced culture method at present.

III. Culture techniques

The cultivation of edible eel is the process of turning eel species weighing about 20 grams into commercial eels weighing 150 grams. Culture methods can be divided into monoculture, mixed culture and collocation culture. The key lies in bait feeding, water quality management and disease prevention. Bait feeding requires quality, positioning, quantity and timing. Water quality management should pay attention to the cultivation and control of water quality to prevent water change. The normal water quality of the eel pond is light green, the transparency is about 20 cm, and the pH value is 7.5-8.5. At this time, the eel eels eat vigorously and grow rapidly.

1. Fresh feed: the fresh feed commonly used in raising eel are silk earthworm, beautiful female flea, Cyclops, Chironomus larva, clam, yellow clam, snail, small fish, shrimp and animal viscera.

two。 Formula feed: formula feed should be prepared in proportion according to the nutritional requirements of different growth and development stages of eel. Because of its advantages of complete nutrients, convenient storage and transportation and economic benefits, it is an ideal feed for the development of eel culture.