Prevention and treatment of abnormal strawberry fruit in greenhouse

The main results are as follows: (1) to promote the full differentiation of flower buds of strawberries is an important factor affecting the yield and quality of strawberries in greenhouse. If the flower bud differentiation is good, the flower will be more, the fruit will be bigger, and the abnormal fruit will be less. Generally 2 weeks before planting, root cutting, shading, nitrogen control and removal of old leaves began to promote the full differentiation of flower buds.

(2) the flower organ of strawberry with reasonable regulation of temperature and humidity is sensitive to low temperature. if the low temperature is-2 ℃ for 1 hour, the pistil will turn black, so the heat preservation performance of the greenhouse should be improved. The greenhouse temperature should be kept at 20: 25 ℃ during the day, 8: 10 ℃ at night, and the ground temperature at 18: 20 ℃. The optimum humidity for strawberry anther dehiscence is 30%-50%, and the optimum humidity for stigma fertilization and pollen germination is 50%-60%. The closed environment in the greenhouse, not timely ventilation, will make the humidity too high, production can use no drip film, high ridge plastic film mulching cultivation, reduce soil water evaporation, a short time at noon to adjust the temperature and humidity.

(3) the strawberries in the flowering greenhouse can be reared in the greenhouse when the first batch of buds are formed. 2 or 3 cases of bees are placed in each standard shed and placed evenly in the shed, so that the pollination rate can reach more than 95%. The time of releasing bees is 8: 9 a.m. and 3: 4 p.m., bee-assisted pollination is used to reduce deformed fruits.

(4) it is strictly forbidden to use medicine during the flowering period of strawberries to prevent the deformed fruit caused by reducing the germination rate of pollen. Therefore, strawberry diseases should be thoroughly controlled before flowering, diseased plants, diseased leaves and inflorescences should be removed in time after flowering in order to control the spread of the disease.

(5) timely flower and fruit thinning and timely thinning of secondary flowers and malformed small fruits, diseased leaves, old leaves and yellow leaves can increase light, reduce the rate of abnormal fruit, concentrate nutrient supply, and improve fruit weight and fruit quality.

(6) strengthening the management of fertilizer and water in the greenhouse, the soil is too dry, too wet, lack of fertilizer or improper fertilization, which will lead to the imbalance of water and nutrient supply and demand, resulting in poor fruit development and deformed fruit. The soil moisture is insufficient, should irrigate small water in time, if lack of fertilizer, should combine watering and topdressing fertilizer, should increase phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, do not apply ammonium bicarbonate, it is appropriate to use three-element compound fertilizer, about 15kg per mu, hole topdressing effect is better after hydration, soil moisture is insufficient after fertilization, timely watering, water to promote fertilizer, to meet the needs of normal flowering and fruiting of strawberries, to prevent the production of abnormal fruit.