Prevention and control of white dysentery in farmed partridges

Pullorum disease is caused by Salmonella pullorum, which poses the greatest threat to young partridges within 1 week of age, with a mortality rate of more than 85%, or even the entire population. Adult partridges are better. The later the onset, the greater the hope of cure, but the disease will seriously affect the health of partridge, so that the body thin.

1) Symptoms. Sick chicks are listless, thermophilic, cold, drooping wings, closed eyes, necked, often hiding in the dark, motionless, not thinking about eating, unkempt feathers, and discharging yellow-white or gray-white paste-like feces. Feces often stick to the feathers around the anus, and sometimes the anus is blocked by feces. Defecation often issued a "squeaky" scream, anal exposure in the outside of a stretch of contraction.

2) Prevention. Salmonella, the pathogen of pullorum, spreads widely and quickly. Its transmission routes are: ① feces. When the sick partridge excretes feces, the germs are also excreted together. Excreted bacteria not only have a strong vitality, but also continue to reproduce, infection of other young Gu. (2) Eggs. Adult species rarely occur white dysentery disease, once infected will be through the eggs laid to bring the bacteria to the young, sick young and infected to other healthy young.③ Drinking water, feed and all feeding facilities (such as cages, food troughs, drinking fountains, etc.). Salmonella contaminated drinking water, feed, food troughs and cages, etc., will become a source of infection. One of the important links of Salmonella infection is to carry bacteria. Therefore, the elimination of bacteria is an important link in the prevention of white diarrhea. For this reason, we must actively establish and cultivate species without salmonella, immediately eliminate sick birds, wash and disinfect cages, food troughs, drinking fountains and other appliances in time, and do a good job in daily sanitation and disinfection.

3) Inspection. Partridge whether to carry Salmonella, generally using "serum test method" for testing. The specific method is: take a drop of blood from partridge wings, mixed with antigen solution not infected with pullorum bacteria. If the mixture coagulates quickly, it is positive, indicating that the tested partridge is infected with Salmonella and should be eliminated immediately; otherwise, the mixture does not coagulate within 2 to 3 minutes, which is negative, indicating that the tested partridge is not infected with Salmonella.

For farms that have had pullorum disease, it is best to conduct a serum examination of all partridges every 2 to 3 months in order to cut off the transmission route of pullorum disease in time. For farms that have not had pullorum disease, check once a year.

4) Treatment. There are many drugs to treat pullorum disease. The first is antibiotics. Many kinds of antibiotics have certain curative effect on white diarrhea of broiler chicken. Oxytetracycline: Add 0.02% oxytetracycline (that is, 0.2 grams per kilogram of feed) to the feed of the young birds just out of the shell, feed 2~4 mg per day, feed continuously for 7~10 days, to inhibit bacteria and prevent diseases; the dosage can be increased to 0.04%~0.06% when the disease occurs. Chlortetracycline, tetracycline usage and dosage similar to oxytetracycline. Penicillin is soluble in drinking water and is administered in doses of 500 to 1000 units per animal per day. The dosage of chloramphenicol is 0.2%~0.4% added to the feed or drinking water of sick chicks, and it has good curative effect after continuous feeding for 3~4 days. The second is sulfonamides. Adding 0.05%~0.1% sulfamethazine and the same amount of sodium bicarbonate to feed has certain curative effect on white diarrhea of young partridge. Adding 0.4%~0.8% sulfamidine or sulfadiazine or 0.1%~0.2% sulfaquinoxaline to the feed of sick chicks has certain curative effect. The third is furazolidone (furazolidone). Adding 0.02%~0.04% furazolidone to the feed of sick chicks or adding 0.02% furazolidone to drinking water for 3~5 days can cure sick chicks. Because the partridge is sensitive to furazolidone, it must be fully mixed with feed (or dissolved in water and mixed into feed) to prevent partridge from eating too much furazolidone and poisoning, resulting in death. The use of furazolidone should be noted that furazolidone will accumulate in partridge body, toxicity is greater, therefore, feeding about 5 days, should stop feeding 2~3 days, or alternate use with oxytetracycline, so that partridge detoxification.