Scientific Prevention and treatment of low temperature Disease in Autumn and Winter in Chicken

In the process of growth and development in autumn and winter, chickens are extremely prone to rickets and rickets, which are often caused by low temperature, which is also called "hypothermia disease". This is a nutritional disease caused by abnormal growth of bone tissue caused by the destruction of calcium and phosphorus metabolism in chickens in low temperature season. The disease in adult chickens is usually called osteomalacia, and the disease in chicks is usually called rickets. The normal growth of both adult and laying hens was greatly affected after the disease, especially the egg production of laying hens decreased sharply, the egg head became smaller and the quality became worse. Therefore, in the low temperature season in autumn and winter, chicken breeding should pay attention to the prevention and treatment of "hypothermia disease".

The main symptoms of diseased chickens were dysplasia, loss of appetite, dishevelled feathers, soft and crooked bones, beaded hard joints at the junction of soft ribs and hard ribs, flat and flat chest, protruding to both sides. Heavy mouth as soft as rubber, can bend, peck difficult, adult chicken feet pain can not stand, most lying. The bending of the shins of the chicks is curved or X-shaped, the spine is curved, and the chicken crow is weak.

Prevention (1) the diet should be prepared according to the nutritional standards of chickens, adequate calcium, phosphorus and vitamin D should be given, and if possible, it is best to use full-price compound feed to ensure the needs of chickens for calcium and phosphorus. (2) the chicken farm should be given sufficient sunlight (the sunlight passing through the ordinary glass is invalid). It is generally appropriate to have 16 hours of sunshine every day, and the electric light can be used to replace the insufficient sunshine. If there are conditions, it is best to let the chicken sunbathe on the beach; the enclosed chicken farm should strengthen the exposure of fluorescent lamps and increase it by 10 minutes a week to keep it constant. At the same time, sand and gravel were fed to improve the digestibility of feed. (3) properly supplement some green fodder or silage, which contains a lot of vitamins (especially vitamin D), such as green vegetable leaves, carrots, locust leaves and so on.

Treatment (1) when diseased chickens are found, the ratio of calcium and phosphorus in the diet should be adjusted in time. In general, the content of calcium and phosphorus in the diet: 0.9% for chicks, 1.1% for growing chickens, 3.1% for laying hens, 3.5% for laying hens, and 0.9% for broilers. The suitable ratio of calcium to phosphorus is 21 ∶ 1 for chicks, 23 ∶ 1 for growing chickens and 7 ∶ 1 for laying chickens. At the same time, additives can be added to increase the content of various minerals and vitamins in the diet. Special attention should be paid to the supplement of vitamin D or cod liver oil to promote the absorption of calcium and phosphorus in chickens. Under normal circumstances, vitamin D2000 international units are added to each kilogram of feed and cod liver oil is added to each chicken 1ml per day. (2) adding more calcium and phosphorus substances such as bone powder, shell powder, eggshell powder and stone powder to the diet. In general, bone meal accounts for only 1% of the diet, stone powder and shell powder account for 1% of the chicken feed, and laying hens and breeder diets account for about 2%. (3) in severe cases, vitamin D injection can be injected subcutaneously into diseased chickens. Each diseased chicken per kilogram of body weight is 10000 international units per day, repeated once every 3 days, usually 2-3 times, if combined with oral calcium, the effect is better.