Facility requirements and feeding Management of Egg Duck Farm

What are the facilities required for breeding duck farms? How do I feed and manage them? Below we will provide a comprehensive analysis of the system for everyone.

I. Duck Farm and Facility Requirements

(i) Site requirements

1. There are no other poultry farms and slaughtering and processing plants within 500m around the duck farm; it shall be far away from the main traffic roads and more than 500m away from the residential gathering areas; it is conducive to animal hygiene and epidemic prevention and harmless treatment of wastes.

2. There is a certain water surface near the duck house, the water depth is more than 1m, and the water body is clean and pollution-free.

3 . The duck house should have a playground, one end connected to the house door and one end connected to the duck beach (where ducks go up and down). The area of duck beach is similar to that of sports field, about 2m~3m wide, and its slope is 20 ° ~30 °.

(2) Site layout and facility requirements

1. Production area and living area are strictly divided, and living area is in upwind direction.

2. There should be a special way to communicate with the outside world. Clean road and sewage road are set up in the site area, and the two are strictly separated.

2. The living management area is equipped with a main gate and a disinfection pool. There are living, office facilities, veterinary offices, feed warehouses, garages and other production auxiliary facilities in close contact with the outside world.

4. Disinfection pool is set at the entrance of production area. There are disinfection changing rooms or shower rooms in the area, and disinfection pools are set up at the entrance of each area and poultry house.

5. Bird, insect and rat prevention facilities shall be provided at the ventilation openings or openings such as doors and windows of poultry houses and around the sports ground and pool.

II. hygiene and epidemic prevention requirements

(i) Sanitary requirements

1. Before entering duck house, duck house and surrounding environment must be strictly and thoroughly disinfected, and feed tank and sink shall be disinfected with disinfectant conforming to Veterinary Pharmacopoeia of People's Republic of China, washed with clean water, dried in sunlight for later use. Disinfect the duck house at least twice a week, and disinfect the surroundings of the duck house once every 2~3 weeks. Change bedding frequently and keep the room well ventilated.

2. Disinfection pool and disinfection room shall be set at the entrance of duck farm. Personnel and vehicles entering the factory shall be disinfected in strict accordance with the requirements of GB/T 16569-1996, and the disinfectant shall be replaced regularly. Outsiders should not enter the production area at will. Under certain circumstances, strictly disinfect and wear protective clothing before entering.

3. Staff should be healthy and change clean work clothes and shoes before entering the duck house. A disinfection pool or basin for disinfection of staff shoes is provided at the entrance of the duck house. Disinfect the premises and playground at least once a week.

(2) Egg duck immunity

1. Immunization work shall be carried out according to immunization procedures formulated by local animal epidemic prevention supervision departments.

2. Recommended immunization procedures: duck viral hepatitis vaccine at 1 day old; avian influenza vaccine at 8~14 days old; duck plague vaccine at 20 days old; duck plague vaccine and avian cholera vaccine at 60~90 days old.

Three feeding methods

adopt ground flat culture or net flat culture. The ground flat raises appropriate to choose shavings, sawdust, rice husk or straw to make bedding.

IV. feeding management

(1) Breeding period (0~6 weeks) Feeding management

1. Enter duckling: duckling should come from the healthy duckling that quarantine qualifies breeding duck farm.

2. Duckling selection: should be selected on time shell, eye process God, beak claw luster, fluffy hair, yolk absorption is good, lively and moving ducklings.

3. duckling rearing

The first time a duck drinks water, it is called "boiling water". Ducklings dry hair, spin, one-third duckling stretch head and neck, similar to foraging shape, can be "boiled water".

2. Start eating: Start eating within half an hour after boiling water. Egg-duck special food should be selected for opening food, sprinkled on plastic cloth or straw mat, bamboo mat, should be lightly sprinkled on the side, while gently adjusting to let ducks peck food.

(3) Feeding frequency: (1~7) days old, feeding 6 times a day, including 4 times in the day and 2 times in the evening;(7~21) days old, 5 times a day, and then gradually reduce the frequency. Feeding should be divided into groups, each group of 250 is appropriate. Feeding principle is "from fine to coarse, from cooked to raw, from soft to hard, from less to more."

4. duckling management

(1) Temperature: At rest and at night, the temperature 20cm away from duck back in duck house should reach: 32℃ for the first day, 31℃~28℃ for (2~7) days, 28℃~25℃ for (8~14) days, and 25℃~20℃ after 15 days. The temperature in the house can be 2℃~3℃ lower during daytime and duck activity. Special attention should be paid to rainy days and night insulation work, pay attention to smooth air, dry without thief wind.

(2) Density: (1~7) 25~30/ m2,(7~14) 20~25/ m2,(15~28) 15~20/ m2. It decreases appropriately in summer and increases appropriately in winter.

Humidity: (1~14) days of age relative humidity should be 60%~65%, 14 days after the relative humidity of 65%~75%.

④ Light: (1~3) 24 hours of age, after 4 days of age, reduce 0.5 hours per day until natural light.

5. Sports and swimming: After 5 days of age, ducklings can be adjusted to enter the water, slowly drive ducklings into shallow water for 3~5 minutes in batches, and then exercise in the windless sun. 1 ~2 times a day, increased to 3 ~4 times a week later, 5~10 minutes each time, and gradually extended the time later. The water temperature should not be lower than 15℃. If the ducklings are found shivering when launching, stop immediately and dry the feathers. After 7 days of age, when the temperature difference between the inside and outside of duck house is lower than 5℃, it needs to exercise for about 20 minutes.

(2) Breeding period (7 - 16 weeks) Feeding management

1. The transition from brood stock to breeding stock should take 5 days, and the replacement ratio is generally about 20% per day.

2. Feeding should follow the principle of less feeding, regular dosing and total control.

3.. After laying ducks enter the breeding period, sick and disabled ducks should be eliminated in time.

4. Ducks during breeding should be weighed once every weekend. The proportion of ducks weighed is 5% of the batch of laying ducks, generally not less than 60.

5. The laying ducks only use natural light during breeding period, and use weak light all night. Light intensity is between 3 Lux and 5 Lux. (Lux)

6. Daily observation items: duck activity, respiration and feces morphology, distribution, to understand whether drinking water, feeding normal. Sick ducks found after inspection, find out the cause, timely treatment.

(3) Egg laying period (17 - 72 weeks) Feeding management

1. Two weeks before laying ducks, a small amount of male ducks were added, and the proportion was 2%~3%.

2. According to the different breeds of laying ducks, timely grasp the opening date. The weight at birth is required to be 1400g~1500g.

3. From the beginning of laying (100~120 days old), according to the increasing trend of laying rate, continuously increase feed nutrition, improve crude protein level, and appropriately increase feeding times. Feed 3 times during the day and add 1 time at 9~10 o 'clock at night.

4. From laying rate to 60%, compound feed should be supplied to laying ducks in peak period. Should master feed excessive time, generally 5 days is appropriate, daily replacement ratio of 20%. The daily feed intake of each duck was controlled at about 150g.

5. Free access to drinking water is provided and clean drinking water is guaranteed.

6. Do a good job of summer heatstroke prevention and cooling, winter cold and warm.

7. Indoor relative humidity should be 60%~75%.

8. Raised density was determined reasonably according to duck breed and duck house area. Usually 8 - 9/ m2.

9. Change natural illumination to artificial supplementary illumination. The average daily illumination time should be gradually increased, not less than 14 hours, increasing artificial illumination by 1 hour each time, increasing once every 7 days until the daily illumination time reaches 16~17 hours. After the illumination time is stable, it shall not be increased or decreased. All night with weak light illumination, weak light intensity of 3 Lux ~ 5 Lux.

10. During the middle period of laying eggs, the production of ducks, low-yield ducks and defective ducks were continuously selected.

11. Spring and autumn season each anthelmintic 1, include ascarid, duck lice to wait.

12. Egg collection:

① Egg boxes or egg trays containing duck eggs should be disinfected.

② Collect eggs regularly, and store broken eggs, sand preserved eggs, soft eggs, extra large eggs and extra small eggs separately when collecting eggs.

(3) The duck eggs were fumigated with formalin immediately after collection, and then sent to the egg bank for preservation.

v. Waste treatment: the bedding and feces cleaned out of duck houses shall be treated innocuously; the treatment of dead meat shall comply with the provisions of GB16548 (Regulations for the harmless treatment of diseased meat carcasses of livestock and poultry and their products).

6. Record: establish production record files, including date of feeding, number of ducklings, duck house number and breeder; daily production records include date, age, number of ducklings, number of eggs laid, temperature, humidity, immunization record, disinfection record, feeding amount, health status of duck flock, number of deaths and cause of death. Records are kept for more than two years.