Comprehensive techniques of raising Egg Duck in Winter

In order to raise egg ducks for high yield in winter, the following key points must be mastered:

The temperature in winter is low, the sunshine time is short, the laying rate of laying duck is low, and even stop laying. However, according to the author's many years of production experience, as long as the winter management is good, the laying rate of female ducks hatched in spring can still be maintained at more than 80%.

1. Keep warm against the cold. The optimum temperature for laying ducks is 13 ℃ ~ 20 ℃, and the lowest temperature should not be lower than 6 ℃. Therefore, we must do a good job of heat preservation and cold protection of duck houses in winter. Pay attention to blocking the cracks in the walls and closing the doors and windows, especially the north windows. At night and when the temperature is low, add straw curtains on the doors and windows, spread some dry straw or straw on the ground, thicken around, and add new grass before the duck enters the house every night. At the same time, the feeding density was increased by 8 to 9 animals per square meter. In addition, the duck house should also pay attention to ventilation, each time when the duck comes out of the house, the doors and windows should be opened and closed after entering the house.

2. Adjust the diet. In winter, ducks have higher energy requirements, so it is necessary to appropriately increase the proportion of energy feed such as corn, reduce the protein content to 15%-17%, and pay attention to increasing green feed such as cabbage and radish to ensure the vitamin needs of egg ducks.

3. Careful feeding. In winter, ducks should be given warm food and warm water to reduce the loss of body heat. Feed three times a day, add another "midnight snack" at night, and provide adequate drinking water. Generally, feed and drink water first, and then feed green feed. The change of feed should be carried out step by step, not too suddenly.

4. Scientific management. Release the duck late every morning and close the duck early in the evening. Reduce the number of times of water release, shorten the launching time, and release water once in the morning and once in the afternoon when the sun is sufficient. Release water at least once every 3 days. Every time the duck is released, it is necessary to open the window to "noise the duck", that is, to coax the duck, let it slowly move in a circle, and then release water when about 80% of the ducks make a strong cry. When the temperature is too low, it is necessary to noise ducks frequently to enhance activity, promote appetite, and improve the ability to keep out the cold. When the natural light is less than 15 hours, the artificial light should be replenished in time. In addition, attention should be paid to keeping the duck house quiet as far as possible to avoid alarm.

5. Be on guard against diseases. In winter, the defense ability of duck body decreases, in the case of poor feeding and management, it is very easy to get sick, thus affecting egg production. Therefore, the duck house and activity site should be disinfected once a week, and the cause of the epidemic disease should be found out in time and treated in time.

Tips for improving the laying rate of laying ducks in winter:

First of all, we have to flock the ducks. We will resolutely eliminate old, weak, sick, disabled and low-yield ducks in order to reduce death and feed consumption.

Secondly, room temperature should be strictly controlled. It is very important for overwintering egg ducks to keep warm. The temperature in the shed must be kept above 5 ℃ in order to ensure high yield. This requires that after feeding ducks every night, the duck shed must be surrounded and compacted, and the outside of the shed can be surrounded by straw felt made of straw or wheat straw, and then surrounded by a layer of plastic film, especially the cover grass on the roof should not be less than 5 cm thick.

Third, thick bedding grass. In the egg-laying area around the duck house, pad 30 cm thick of clean, soft straw, wheat straw and other forage. After picking up eggs in the morning, the old grass in the nest can be spread in the duck house. Before the ducks enter the house every night, new grass is added to make egg nests. In this way, the bedding grass accumulates gradually and comes out once a few days, which can not only keep warm but also save manpower.

Fourth, nutrition should be guaranteed. During the overwintering period, laying ducks not only protect themselves from the cold but also lay eggs, and consume a lot of energy. it is necessary to appropriately increase the proportion of energy feed such as corn, increase the feeding amount by 10% to 15% compared with summer and autumn, and provide adequate green feed or regular supplement of vitamins A, D, E. Add 3% to 5% fat in the egg duck feed and supply green feed such as chopped cabbage or radish tassel at noon every day, the effect is better.

Fifth, add night food. In winter, the day is short and the night is long, and the temperature at night is low. Feeding warm feed at night can not only increase the nutrition of laying ducks, help ducks to keep out the cold, but also increase the laying rate by more than 10%. However, night feeding should pay attention to two points: one is to provide warm drinking water, and the other is to give priority to corn and other high-energy feed in night food, and there should not be too much protein.

The sixth is to drink hot food. Ducks consume a lot of heat because of the cold weather in winter. Not only to provide adequate feed, but also to pay more attention to the need to achieve hot feeding warm drink, concentrate must be mixed with warm hot water, drinking water must also be fed to warm hot water, its temperature to maintain about 38 ℃ the best, do not drink ice and snow water.

The seventh is to replenish the light. Due to the lack of natural light in winter, the activity of pituitary endocrine glands in ducks decreased, which led to a significant decrease in egg laying rate, so artificial supplementary light must be carried out. It is generally required that the light time should not be less than 16 hours a day. A 60-watt light bulb can be installed in the duck shed every 30 square meters. The light bulb is 2 meters high from the duck back, and the top cover is installed, and the lights are turned on regularly in the morning and evening. Practice has proved that supplementing light can increase egg production by 20% compared with no supplementary light.

Eighth, the feeding density should be increased. The best density of overwintering ducks is 8 to 9 ducks per square meter, which is beneficial to the self-preservation of ducks.

Finally, we should strengthen the prevention and control of epidemic diseases. Once sick ducks are found, they should be isolated, diagnosed and treated in time, and the duck house should be urgently disinfected.

Beware of duck "pouring eggs" in early winter

Egg-laying ducks "pour eggs" means that female ducks raised in spring enter the laying period from November, when the temperature gradually gets colder, the temperature difference between day and night is too large, or due to lack of nutrition, egg-laying ducks stop laying "vacation". If the laying duck begins to change its hair when it pours its eggs, it will not be able to lay eggs until next spring. If the duck "pour eggs" can be controlled in this period, the laying period can be greatly prolonged and the economic benefit of raising ducks can be improved.

When ducks show signs of "pouring eggs", such as smaller eggs, thinner eggshells, delayed feeding of eggs, wet feathers on shore, and drilling into the duck shed, the following measures should be taken in time:

Adjust the duck flock

In early winter, the old, weak, sick and disabled ducks in the flock will be eliminated in time, leaving female ducks with good production performance and strong physique. At the same time, properly raise more male ducks to chase each other and increase the amount of exercise of the ducks.

Feed more protein feed

Properly increase the proportion of corn, broad bean and bean cake to control the feed intake of ducks and improve the nutrient concentration of feed.

Protect against cold and keep warm

The holes in the duck shed should be blocked, the doors and windows should be hung with straw curtains, and the floor of the shed should be padded with soft thatch and straw to ensure that the belly of the duck does not catch cold. At the same time, we should also pay attention to do a good job of health and epidemic prevention to ensure the health of laying ducks.

Supplementary lighting

The laying duck needs 16 hours of light every day during the laying period. In winter, the day is short and the night is long, and the light is obviously insufficient. Therefore, it is necessary to install a 40-60 watt bulb in the duck shed (one for every 20 square meters). The bulb is 2 meters high from the back of the duck, and covered with a lampshade, so that the light is concentrated on the duck body, and the light should be uniform for 3 to 4 hours every night.

"rush to the shed"

"driving the shed" can enhance the cold protection and digestive ability of laying ducks, and prevent laying ducks from stopping production. The practice is to gently yell at the ducks in the duck shed to start, slowly do circular movement in the same direction, generally go around 4 ~ 5 circles at a time, catch up every 1 hour, and catch up 2 ~ 3 times a day. Especially before driving ducks into the water, we should also "drive the shed". When more than 80% of the ducks quack loudly, the shed can be opened to release the ducks into the water, so as to improve the ability of the ducks to adapt to the temperature and water temperature outside the shed.

Add cod liver oil

Cod liver oil is rich in vitamins An and D, which is good for enhancing duck immunity and stabilizing egg laying rate. Specific feeding method: 1 ml per duck per day, first mix cod liver oil in 1.5 kg wheat bran, then mix well in feed, after 3 ~ 5 days, if the eggs are normal and feathers are bright, you can stop feeding, which will affect the economic benefits.