Techniques and matters needing attention of captive laying duck

Techniques of keeping egg ducks in captivity

I. Management of ducklings (1-30 days old)

Before brooding, it is necessary to arrange the brooding room, transport cartons and disinfect them, and prepare ducklings with full-price compound feed, drinking fountain, material trough, dry and wet bulb thermometer and so on.

1. The ability of the ducklings to regulate the body temperature in the first few days was very poor, and the standard temperature in the first three days was 33-35 ℃, and then decreased gradually. In practice, the temperature can be judged from the activity of the ducklings. If the ducks are evenly distributed, lively and active, the appetite is strong, and the feces are normal, it indicates that the temperature is normal; if the ducklings are as close as possible to the heat source and crowded together, it means that the temperature is low and should be heated immediately; if they stay away from the heat source, open their mouths and drink a lot of water, it shows that the temperature is too high.

two。 Feeding and feeding should be started within 24 hours after the ducklings come out of the shell. In the first few days, the digestive ability of the ducklings is poor. The familiar chicken and duck egg yolks can be rubbed into the feed, and the ducklings can be fed full price ingredients after three or five days. Special attention should be paid to vitamins mixed and fed on the same day, with high-quality fish meal that does not contain too much salt, and never spoiled raw materials, because ducklings are very sensitive to the quality of feed. Ducklings are prone to drug poisoning, so don't feed the medicine blindly or feed the chicks. Feed should be wet before feeding, to ensure that there is often drinking water, continuous feed.

3. Pay attention to the mat of sanitary ducklings with non-moldy long wheat straw, rice straw, dried grass, fine crushed, spoiled matting grass, ducklings will cause indigestion after pecking. The bedding grass should be changed every day and keep it dry. Wet dirt and wet fluff will make the ducklings sick. It is best to raise chicks on the Internet.

4. Three days before lighting with 60 watt bulbs for 21-24 hours, from the fourth day on, gradually reduce the light intensity, reduce the light time, such as spring chicks, mainly use natural light, use darker lights at night.

5. Drinking water is necessary for the growth of ducks, and the water should not be cut off for a moment from shelling to elimination. To boil water before eating, generally clean water can, the water temperature is about 20 ℃, the water temperature is too low to affect the body temperature of ducklings, too high water temperature ducklings are easy to drill in. When raising in large groups, there should be a drinking fountain for every 200 ducklings. The drinking fountain should be placed evenly, and the furnace ash should be padded to prevent the bedding grass from getting wet. In short, let the ducklings drink water at any time, and do not make the ducklings jump into the water, the body is not stained with water, the ground is not running water.

The captive culture method does not need a large area of water on the surface of the water, but it must be provided with water to bathe its head, usually with a 20-centimeter-high basin to keep the water full for a long time. The duck washes its hair in the basin to keep its nostrils not dry, and the fine material stuck on its head can be washed off together with the soil. Dry and cracked nostrils are easy to get sick, and if the feathers around the head and eyes are stained off, you will not be able to maintain the head temperature. Ducks can not secrete saliva when eating, and drink a mouthful of water after eating to help swallow, so the basin should not be too far away from the material.

II. Management of young ducks (31-20 days old)

The management goal of young ducks is to cultivate strong and good physique.

1. Strengthen the movement

Every day, we have to drive the ducks slowly around the playground, or go outside to slowly drive the grazing to strengthen their physique. People should get in touch with the ducks more and improve their courage, so that they will not be afraid of shock when they enter the laying period.

two。 Feeding of young ducks

Young ducks are in the skeletal muscle stage, and the principle of nutrition in the breeding stage is that it should be low rather than high, and the principle of feed is that it should be thick rather than fine. Concentrate should not be too much, eat more green feed to enhance the digestive ability of ducks. The variety of raw materials in feed should be diversified as much as possible to exercise the omnivorous nature of ducks. Adequate supply of vitamins, trace elements, calcium and so on. In short, the young duck management principles, so that it can adapt to a variety of feed and environment, the weight before the opening of production should be 1500-1750 grams.

III. Management of laying ducks

1. The early stage of laying (151-200 days old) and the early stage (201-300 days old). Continuously improve the feed quality, increase the feeding times, feed 4 times a day, 150 grams per day. The light gradually increased to 16 hours. During this period, the egg weight increased, the egg laying rate increased, and the body importance maintained the standard at the beginning of laying, which could not be reduced or increased.

two。 The middle stage of laying eggs (301-400 days old). This period is the peak of egg production, it is difficult to raise, it will drop eggs and molt slightly without paying attention, nutrition should be satisfied, the protein level should reach 20%, properly feed some green feed or add a variety of vitamins, and the light will be stable for 16 hours a day. Daily management should be relatively stable to avoid all sudden changes, the temperature in the shed should be between 5-27 ℃. If there is a decline in egg production or egg laying time is delayed to find out the reason on the same day, take immediate measures to correct it. If the reason cannot be found for more than three days, there will be a continuous decline in egg production when effective measures cannot be taken, and it will be very difficult to return to the previous egg production level.

3. In the later stage of egg laying (401-500 days old). The laying rate began to decline, and during this period, the quality and quantity of feed should be determined according to body weight and laying rate. If you lose weight and the laying rate is about 80%, you should add more animal protein; if you gain weight and get fat, the laying rate is still about 80%, and if you want to reduce the metabolic energy in the feed or increase the green feed, the protein will remain at the original level; if the egg production has dropped to about 60%, it is necessary to lower the feed level, and then adding good materials to lay eggs will not be able to go up. Maintain 16 hours of light at 80% of the laying rate and increase to 17 hours for 60% of the eggs. More exercise should be done to prevent sudden stimulation.

Precautions for keeping egg ducks in captivity:

First, pay attention to ingredients. Egg duck feed is mainly based on grain, accounting for 50%-60%, properly adding 10%-20% cakes, 10% 15% fish meal, 1% shell powder and salt, multivitamins and additives. The amount of fish meal can be increased or decreased appropriately according to the egg laying rate, and it can be fed 4 ~ 5 times a day. The daily feeding amount of each duck is about 125g ~ 150g, and it can be fed twice on the off-natal day.

Second, pay attention to the timely start of production. Laying duck eggs too early is easy to premature senescence, too late will affect the economic benefits. The starting time of production should be controlled around 150 days old. At the age of 100 days to 120 days, the feed quality should be controlled and let it eat half compound feed and half green roughage in order to enlarge the intestines and stomach, and then gradually increase the quantity after 120 days of age.

Third, pay attention to temptation. The stronger the libido of a duck, the more eggs it lays. Ducks should be equipped with a certain number of ducks in the flock. Ducklings were raised with 1 male for every 2000 female ducks and 1 male for every 2000 female ducks raised in large groups. The proportion of egg breeder ducks is 20, 1, 1, 30, 1. During the laying period and moulting period, the male ducks are quarantined to avoid disturbance.

Fourth, pay attention to the light. During the laying period, we should pay attention to replenishing the light, turn on the lights for 3 ~ 4 hours at night, turn on the lights for another 1 hour before dawn, and light up to 14 ~ 16 hours day and night in order to promote the vitality of duck glands.

Pay attention to calcium supplements. Attention should be paid to calcium supplement when laying ducks are 15 weeks old. The amount of calcium supplement accounts for 2.5% of the diet, and then gradually increase. When the laying rate of the laying duck is less than 65%, the calcium content in the diet should be 2.5%; when the laying rate is 65% to 80%, the calcium content is 3%; when the egg production is more than 80%, the calcium content should reach 3.5%.

Pay attention to the bedding material. The floor of the duck house should be padded with rice husk, straw and sawdust, once a day to cover duck dung and pay attention to thicker padding at the place where eggs are laid. Combined with ventilation, heat prevention and cooling of the duck house, the duck house can be kept clean and dry.