How to raise egg ducks in cages and what are their advantages?

1 duck cage structure

The duck cage is made of wooden poles above 4cm in diameter and constructed of bamboo or barbed wire. It is usually made of ladder-type double-layer overlapping duck cages. Cage height 60cm, long 165cm, wide 70cm. The bottom of the cage is 45~50cm above the ground, the slope is 4.2 °, the bottom plate extends 20cm outward, and the bamboo pole of the bezel is covered with straw. There are 1214 adult ducks in each cage. The duck cage is placed in a ventilated and sunny house.

2Variety selection

Caged laying ducks should choose varieties with small size, early maturity, less feed consumption, more eggs and strong adaptability, such as Campbell duck, Cherry Valley duck, Shao duck, Jinbao duck, Jingjiang duck, Yichun duck and Zhongshan duck. In order to improve the economic benefit, healthy, disease-free and neat young ducks should be caged. In this way, after the duck is caged, after more than half a month of adaptation, the duck can lay eggs one after another, with a high yield in spring and autumn every year. The egg laying rate of adult female ducks is the highest in the first year, the best in the second year, 50% in the second year, and all in the third year.

3Feed preparation

The ration was prepared as grain feed (mainly corn or rice) accounted for 50% 60%, cake feed (mainly bean cake and rapeseed cake) accounted for 10% 20%, protein feed (mainly fish meal and soybeans) accounted for 10% 15%. Shell powder 1%, salt 0.3% and multivitamins 0.2% were also added. Each duck is fed 125 to 150g a day. When the laying rate of ducks is about 70%, the crude protein in the diet should be kept at about 18%, and the feed metabolic energy should be 2800-2900 kcal.

4 feeding methods

After the feed is crushed, mix well with water, knead it into a ball by hand, release it and disperse. Feed 4 times 5 times a day (from dawn to 9-10:00 in the evening), with a little more for the last time at night, whichever is full. During the non-laying period, the laying ducks were fed twice a day, and the depth of water in the flume was 7~10cm, which was hung parallel to the trough on the horizontal position of the duck's chest. The gravel was fed once every half month, and each animal was fed 10g each time.

5 to promote estrus

The stronger the libido of the laying duck, the more eggs it lays. Therefore, in addition to keeping enough breeding ducks in female ducks, 2% or 3% more male ducks should be left. Through the sexual stimulation to the female duck, it can make the follicle develop faster, accelerate ovulation and achieve the goal of laying more eggs.

6 adjust the temperature in time

The cage temperature should be adjusted timely according to the seasonal change. That is, spring heat preservation-day ventilation, night heat preservation; summer cooling-day and night ventilation, hot weather should also be sprinkled in the house to cool; autumn heat prevention-increase feeding green material, lower body temperature; winter windbreak-repair duck house, wind protection and heat preservation.

7 supplementary lighting

Supplementing light at night can effectively prevent precocious puberty and prolong the laying period of ducks. At first, the light was not less than 14 hours per day and night, and then gradually increased to 16 hours. At the same time, according to the length of natural light, it should be adjusted according to the principles of weak light in summer (15w / 25w), normal light in autumn (25w / 40w) and increasing light in spring and winter (40w / 60w). It is worth noting that the change of light should be carried out gradually, so that the duck has an adaptation process.

8 forced molting

After autumn, artificial molting can be carried out in order to increase the laying rate, shorten the off-laying period of ducks and reduce the feeding cost. The specific measures are as follows: stop water and food on the first day, stop water and water supply on the second and third day, stop water and food supply on the fourth day, and pull out all the feathers of the tail of the duck wings, and return to normal feeding and management on the fifth day. The forced moulting ducks began to lay eggs after 15 or 20 days of breeding.

9 regular deworming

Egg ducks were put into cage for 20 days to drive Ascaris lumbricoides once, during molting period, Ascaris lumbricoides and duck lice were repelled once respectively, and Ascaris lumbricoides were repelled again after winter.

10 Prevention and control of duck disease

Duck disease can occur all the year round, so it is necessary to adhere to the policy of "prevention without disease, early treatment of disease, and simultaneous prevention and control". The main way to prevent duck plague is to do a good job of hygiene (cleaning feces every 10 days or so), and timely injection of duck plague vaccine every spring and autumn (preferably before parturition), each with 2.5 × 3 ml, duck cholera can be injected with Tibetan vaccine, the preventive dose is 3ml, and the treatment dose is 5ml. In captivity, attention should be paid to the prevention and treatment of soft foot disease of ducks. once symptoms are found, do not let sick ducks sleep more, properly drive them around, and tie the small red plate on the feet of ducks with sewing needles (no thick tendons). Usually sulfamethazine or sulfathiazole is mixed into the feed at the ratio of 0.5% to 1% for 3 to 5 days, and then fed after 10 days, which can effectively prevent and cure duck dysentery.

Advantages of caged laying duck:

1. Conducive to environmental protection and cleaner production. When the ducks are kept in captivity, because the ducks are in a relatively closed environment, the pollution sources in the breeding process are limited to the breeding grounds, and the metabolic excreta can be reasonably used or discharged up to the standard after proper treatment, and will not cause pollution or harm to the environment. It is conducive to the realization of clean production.

2. Improve the utilization efficiency and labor productivity of duck house per unit area. Using double-row 3-storey and 4-story cage, the feeding quantity of duck house per square meter is higher than that of ground level. Because the operation procedure of feeding and management is simplified, the labor intensity is reduced, and the labor production efficiency is effectively improved, the number of ducks per labor management is increased from about 2000 to about 4000, and the labor production efficiency is more than doubled.

3. The products of duck eggs are clean and hygienic, prolong the fresh-keeping time, improve the appearance quality of duck eggs, reduce the egg washing technology in the processing of egg products, and save the production cost. The duck eggs just laid by caged laying ducks are rolled into the egg collecting frame due to the action of slope and gravity, and the direct contact surface between the bottom of the cage and the duck eggs is relatively clean, which reduces the pollution degree of the duck eggs and preserves the outer membrane of the eggshell more completely. it is helpful to prolong the fresh-keeping and shelf life of duck eggs, improve the appearance of duck eggs and enhance the market competitiveness of duck eggs.

4. Because the range of activity of caged ducks is limited, the amount of activity is reduced, due to the isolation of direct contact with water, and the energy emission of duck body temperature increases the ambient temperature in the house, which reduces the energy consumption of ducks and the need for maintenance. it is beneficial to improve the efficiency of feed conversion and utilization and save the production cost per unit product. By comparison and determination, compared with the flat feeding model, the feed intake of caged egg ducks decreased by 1020%, and the feed conversion and utilization efficiency per unit product increased by 50.7%.

5. Because ducks are raised in cages, the information of individual health and production performance can be tracked and observed in time, which is conducive to the timely elimination of bad individuals and improve economic benefits. at the same time, it can also provide effective experimental methods and means for the development of individual determination experiments.

6. The production process of caged egg duck is carried out in the duck house, and the duck is isolated from direct contact with the external environment, which effectively reduces the chance of contact with pathogenic microorganisms in the external environment during production. Especially for the epidemic diseases (such as avian influenza) transmitted by some migratory birds, the advantage of using closed cage culture is more obvious. As avian influenza mainly damages the reproductive system of laying ducks, resulting in ovarian tissue necrosis and serious damage to function, even after recovery, it is difficult to restore reproductive function, resulting in the loss of economic performance of ducks, resulting in serious losses. The use of cage mode can effectively reduce the risk of epidemic disease, because it is in a relatively stable microclimate environment, it can effectively overcome the influence of external adverse climatic conditions (such as high temperature, severe cold), and solve the problem of raising ducks in areas with extreme climate.

7. Save bedding materials, reduce waste output and save production costs. According to the preliminary determination, an egg duck with a daily feed intake of 150 grams of dry feed produces about 100 grams of wet manure per day and about 36 kilograms of wet manure per year, while those raised with bedding produce about 100 to 150 kilograms of mixed dung (including bedding) per year, which increases the cost of bedding and the amount of waste disposal.