How to raise abalone in caisson and what are its characteristics?

Abalone is a kind of valuable sea treasures. In recent years, artificial culture of abalone in China has developed rapidly. The main culture modes are factory culture, floating raft culture, ground sowing culture and so on. Caisson culture is a new type of abalone culture model that has sprung up recently.

Caisson design

The caisson is a concrete steel structure. The shape height is 60 cm, the circumferential outer diameter is 105 cm, and the inner diameter is 100 cm. The whole caisson consists of five parts: (1) the caisson body, which is the main part of the caisson. There are seven round holes with a diameter of 16 cm at the bottom and eight round holes with a diameter of 4 cm at the bottom of the box to facilitate the flow of water. (2) the caisson cover, which is also a concrete structure, makes the caisson a closed environment with a feeding port in the middle of the cover with a diameter of 30 cm. (3) the net, made of polyethylene mesh of 0.3 cm ~ 0.5 cm, is placed on the inner wall of the caisson to prevent abalone from escaping. (4) the iron wire bracket, which is composed of iron wire and supports the net. (5) abalone habitat platform, concrete structure, placed in caisson net for abalone habitat. Each caisson can store 600 abalone.

Caisson placement

The caisson was placed in the sea one month before the seedling was put into the sea. In addition to meeting the ecological requirements of abalone, the caisson placement site must also have the following points: smooth tidal current, gravel bottom; small wind and waves; after low tide, it must be able to expose the box 20 cm ~ 30 cm, so as to facilitate culture and management.

Selection, purchase and transportation of seedlings

The specification of abalone fry must be more than 2 cm. It requires uniform specification, no notch, bright color, fresh and obvious growth marks on the edge of the shell. This kind of seedling has good vitality and is suitable for breeding.

Generally speaking, the purchase time of seedlings should be from March to April, or from August to October. Abalone transport capacity is very strong, transport time is less than 2 hours, can be dry dew transport, longer than 2 hours, can be transported by live water truck.

Daily management

The abalone can be fed the next day and enter the normal management stage. In this stage, sargassum or Gracilaria should be fed every 12-15 days, 5 kg ~ 6 kg per caisson and 8 kg ~ 9 kg each time during the peak growth period.

Clean the cage thoroughly once a month, mainly to clean up the sand, leftover bait, shrimp, crab and so on. When cleaning, abalone should not be exposed for too long, bruised or killed.

During the whole culture period, abalone activity, seawater salinity, pH value, water temperature and so on should be recorded every day.

Characteristics of caisson abalone culture

The scale of small-scale aquaculture can be large or small, and the small-scale aquaculture investment of 10,000 yuan ~ 20,000 yuan can be operated, which is suitable for general farmers.

Compared with industrial abalone culture, the cost of caisson abalone culture is very low.

The short cycle takes only 5 ~ 6 months from seedling release to harvest.

Strong resistance to wind and waves cement caisson is very strong, placed in the beach can withstand strong winds and waves.

Low risk from a practical point of view, as long as the survival rate reaches 40%, even if the price is reduced to 80 to 100 yuan per kilogram, capital can still be preserved.