Skills of fattening high-grade beef cattle

High-grade beef cattle is the cattle that produces high-grade beef. High-grade beef must meet the prescribed grade standards in terms of tenderness, flavor, juiciness and other main indicators. Generally speaking, each high-grade beef cow can produce high-grade meat 30 murmur40 kilograms (other meat can be used as ordinary beef), and each kilogram of high-grade beef can be sold for about 90 yuan. Therefore, fattening high-grade beef cattle and producing high-grade beef has very significant economic benefits and broad development prospects.

(1) strict control of the age of cattle

Fattening cattle are required to select 6-month-old weaned calves weighing more than 200 kilograms and fattening to 18-24 months of age for slaughtering. Beef cattle over 30 months old generally cannot produce high-grade beef.

(2) strict requirements for slaughtering weight

The live weight of fattening cattle should reach more than 450 kg when they are 18-24 months old (that is, before slaughtering). Without such live weight before slaughter, the quality of beef can not reach the standard of "high quality". Therefore, fattening high-grade beef cattle requires not only to control the age of fattening cattle, but also to achieve a certain pre-slaughter weight, both of which are indispensable.

(3) selection of superior varieties

Fattening high-grade beef cattle had better choose hybrid cattle (that is, a generation of beef cattle crossbred with local yellow cattle). Because the first generation of crossbred beef cattle gain weight quickly and the beef quality is good. In addition, the selection of China's excellent local breeds of cattle, such as Qinchuan cattle, can also produce high-grade beef.

(4) Management of general feeding stage (time is 4 months)

In this fattening stage, the diet is mainly roughage, concentrate accounts for 25% of the diet, crude protein content in the diet is 12%, the daily intake of dry matter per cow is about 4 kg, and the daily weight gain of fattening cattle is about 500 grams.

(5) strengthen the management of the feeding stage (the time is 8 months)

If the fattening cattle are planned to be slaughtered when they are 18 months old and weigh about 500 kg, the feed for the next 8 months should be arranged as follows: (1) during the period of 250 murmurs and 300 kg body weight, the proportion of concentrate in the diet accounts for 55%, and the crude protein contains 11%. Each cow eats 6.2 kilograms of dry matter per day, the feeding period is 65 days, and the daily gain is about 700 grams. (2) 350 Mel 400 kg weight stage, concentrate accounted for 75% of the diet, crude protein 10.8%, each cow daily intake of dry matter 7.6 kg, feeding period 55 days, daily gain 1.1 kg. (3) 450 Mel 500 kg body weight stage, the proportion of concentrate in the diet accounts for 75% Mel 80%, the crude protein contains 10%, each cow eats 7.6 Mel 8.5 kg of dry matter per day, the feeding period is 120 days, and the daily gain is 1.1 kg.

(6) Scientific and standardized feeding and management

(1) Bull should be castrated for health check-up, deworming and epidemic prevention before fattening.

(2) concentrate formula for fattening period: corn 62%, wheat bran 10%, bean cake 15%, sorghum 10%, shell powder 2%, salt 1%, vitamin A, D. Roughage is mainly made of fresh forage and green hay, and high-quality silage, ammoniated and microsilage prepared by agricultural straw.

(3) fattening cattle should be raised in house or fence. When raising in the house, one cow should be fastened, and the reins should not be too long; when raising fattening cattle, fattening cattle are scattered in the fence, with about 15 heads in each pen, and each cow occupies an area of 4 murmurs and 5 square meters, free to eat and drink.

(4) when the proportion of concentrate in the diet rises to more than 75%, attention should be paid to cow bloating or diarrhea, and should be treated in time once the disease occurs.

(7) Prevention and treatment of common diseases in fattening cattle

1. Beef belly

It is caused by excessive fermentation of the first two stomach contents to produce a large amount of gas. (1) Rumen gas was excluded. After the shearing and disinfection at the starting point of the left hunger fossa, the rumen puncture was punctured into the rumen with No. 15 needle and deflated slowly. (2) 100g of seed, 120g of mirabilite, 30g of Fructus Aurantii, 30g of Magnolia officinalis, 60g of talc powder plus 500g of paraffin oil, 0.5ml of vinegar and 1kg of water.

two。 Bovine dysentery

It often happens in summer and autumn. Oral administration of oxytetracycline 5-Mel 10g plus equal amount of pepsin, water regulation, twice a day for 3 days.

3. Water scabies

(1) Prevention and control to kill insects in the external environment.

(2) smear the affected area with 5% iodine glycerin.

(3) 2 ml of Yinchongtai injection, 2 ml intramuscularly for every 100 kg body weight. The drug can be repeated once after 2 weeks to prevent recurrence.