Control techniques of Porcine Trichuriasis

Porcine trichiasis, also known as porcine hair tail nematode, is a parasitic disease caused by hair tail nematode parasitic in the cecum of pigs. The disease is widely distributed and can occur all the year round, which has been a common problem affecting the pig industry for a long time. The disease occurs in both intensive and free-range pigs, especially in some aging and poorly managed pig farms. Piglets are particularly vulnerable to whipworm, and those with severe infection often lead to death. every year, the pig industry suffers huge losses as a result of the disease.

The eggs of whipworm are excreted with feces and develop into infectious eggs after about 3 weeks, and the infection performance is as long as 6 years. Pigs hatch and develop in the small intestine and cecum by feeding, drinking water or digging. Plunder pig nutrition, inhibit pig mucosal immunity to common bacteria, cause necrotizing proliferative colitis, resulting in pig death.

Clinical symptoms and pathological changes in pigs with trichiasis had no obvious symptoms, while those with mild trichiasis had no obvious symptoms, while those with mild symptoms had mental tiredness, slightly higher body temperature, thin body, dull coat and lower feed conversion rate. During severe infection, the diseased pig was extremely exhausted, bowed, swayed, body temperature as high as 41 ℃, loss of appetite, pallor, dehydration, intractable dysentery, exfoliated intestinal mucosa excreted with feces, and died of dyspnea after 5 ~ 6 days. The main anatomical lesions were as follows: a large number of worms adhered to the cecal mucosa, some were firmly fixed on the mucosa, and a large number of inflammatory exudates were secreted around the body to form a fibrous necrotic film, which gathered into round cystic nodules. ulcerative necrosis of intestinal mucosa, mainly cecum and colon, and congestion, bleeding and edema.

Diagnosis and treatment

When diagnosing whether pigs suffer from trichiasis from clinical symptoms, it should be distinguished from swine dysentery. If it is ineffective to be treated with antibiotics and combined with pathological changes, whipworm infection should be considered. In addition, in order to make a definite diagnosis, an egg examination can be carried out, saying that about 10 grams of diseased pig feces are taken, broken and put into an appropriate amount of saturated saline, stirred, filtered and placed for half an hour, then dip the surface liquid film on the slide and cover it for microscopic examination. if a lot of drum-shaped, brown eggs with egg plugs at both ends are observed, it can be diagnosed as whipworm infection.

Generally speaking, levoimidazole, albendazole, ivermectin, Doramectin, hydroxypyrimidine and so on have a certain effect on whipworm. However, ivermectin is relatively less toxic, safer and more efficient, and has no cross-resistance with other drugs. From the results of the treatment of porcine trichiasis with different contents of ivermectin products encountered by the author, it is considered that the products with ivermectin content of more than 0.5% should be selected for treatment. It is recommended to choose Egan Erjing produced by Hengfeng strong Animal Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., which contains 0.6% ivermectin and 5% fenbendazole. Because fenbendazole has good deworming effect on hair tail nematode, Ascaris lumbricoides, tapeworm and so on. Therefore, if Yigan Erjing is used to treat pig trichiasis, it can have a double killing effect on pig whipworm, especially on the early larvae of whipworm. At the same time, from the recent use of Yigan Erjing in several large-scale pig farms in western Guangdong Province to treat pig trichiasis, it was observed that pigs seriously infected with swine whipworm doubled the dosage according to Yigan Erjing's instructions, and a large number of whipworm bodies were excreted from the feces on the second day of medication, which shows that the deworming effect is obviously fast.