Symptoms and scientific control methods of bovine plague

Symptoms of rinderpest:

(1) the incubation period is generally 3-15 days. The Land Animal Health Code stipulates that the incubation period of rinderpest is 21 days.

(2) Acute type: newly developed areas, young cattle and newborn cattle often showed the most acute attack and died without any prodromal symptoms.

(3) the sick animals suddenly had a high fever (41-42 ℃) and stayed for 3-5 days. Mucous membranes (such as conjunctiva, nose, mouth, and sexual organs) are congested and flushed. Tears, drooling, sticky and purulent. The oral cavity showed characteristic changes 3 ~ 4 days after fever. the oral mucosa (gingiva, medial lip and ventral tongue) was flushed, and a large number of gray-yellow millet protuberances occurred rapidly, such as spreading layer of wheat bran, fusing each other to form a gray-yellow pseudomembrane, showing erosion or necrosis after falling off, showing irregular shape, irregular edges and deep red spots at the bottom, commonly known as map spots.

(4) severe diarrhea after high fever, acute and severe, sparse feces with blood like thick soup, malodorous, containing mucous membrane and necrotic tissue fragments. Frequent urination, yellow-red or black-red color. The condition worsened sharply from diarrhea, rapidly dehydrated, emaciated and exhausted, and soon died. The course of the disease is usually 4 to 10 days.

(5) atypical and occult type: most of the long-term epidemic areas were atypical, and the diseased cattle only showed transient mild fever, diarrhea and oral changes, and the mortality was low. Or asymptomatic recessive process.

Prevention and control measures of rinderpest:

The main results are as follows: (1) the epidemic areas and threatened areas can be immunized with cell culture attenuated vaccine or rinderpest / bovine infectious pleuropneumonia vaccine.

(2) the prevention and control of rinderpest should mainly strengthen port quarantine to prevent the transmission of cattle. When the disease is found, it should be reported immediately and do a good job of blockade, quarantine, isolation, disinfection, body destruction and so on.

(3) 2% sodium hydroxide or 3% carbolic acid or 3% coal tar soap solution can be used for disinfection.

(4) cattle in neighboring epidemic areas can be vaccinated with cattle special immunoglobulin for rinderpest vaccine every one or two years, and rinderpest goatlized attenuated vaccine is suitable for Mongolian cattle and yellow cattle, cattle plague sheep attenuated vaccine is suitable for yak, yak, Korean cattle and yellow cattle, and bovine plague vaccine produces strong immunity 14 days after injection, which can be maintained for one year.

(5) there is no effective drug for the treatment of rinderpest. At the beginning of the disease, bovine immunoglobulin (refined five combinations) injected intravenously with Ripps in the United States can be injected with 50ml per 500kg to reduce the prevention by half. It can be used continuously for 1-2 times according to the condition. Protection for 14 days.