Culture methods of Chinese rose

Rose flowers are also known as moon red and moon flowers. It is not only a long flowering, fragrant and colorful ornamental flowers, but also a good medicine for gynecology. Let's take a look at the culture methods of rose flowers.

Culture methods of Chinese rose

1. Selection of flowerpots for rose culture

The flowerpot used for cultivation had better be permeable and breathable, and the ordinary mud basin is better, with exquisite ceramic pots to increase beauty. It is best to soak the new mud basin with water before use. Fresh cuttage survival seedlings with 15 cm small flowerpot, 1-2-year-old seedlings with 18 cm 20 cm pot, and then gradually replace the large pot with the growth of the plant.

two。 Selection of potted soil for rose culture

Rose flowers like fertile and moist soil, afraid of drought and stagnant water, we must choose sandy loam with loose soil, rich organic matter, good drainage, ventilation, water conservation and fertility. The acidity and alkalinity can be planted in the range of pH 5.6 ~ 7.2, but it is better in the slightly acidic to slightly alkaline soil of 6.8 ~ 7.2. 5 parts of garden soil, 3 parts of garbage soil, 2 parts of rice chaff ash and proper amount of vegetable cake can be used in the culture soil. Or use 4 parts of horse dung, 4 parts of garden soil, 2 parts of river sand, plus a small amount of vegetable cake and bone meal.

3. Temperature requirements for rose culture

Potted rose flowers can survive the winter safely indoors. Pay attention to cooling in the hot season. The most suitable temperature for Chinese rose is 18-20 ℃, so the flowers blooming from April to May and from September to October are large, colorful and fragrant. When the temperature is more than 25 ℃, the growth rate is faster, but the flowers are not durable; in the high temperature and humid climate of more than 30 ℃, not only the flowers are small, less, light color, light fragrance, but also prone to various diseases and insect pests. Under high temperature and dry conditions, deciduous leaves will dormancy and stop growing and flowering. Above 5 ℃, it can continue to grow and blossom, but very slowly. Below 5 ℃, it stopped growing and was in a dormant state.

4. Light requirements of rose culture

Chinese rose is a positive plant, like plenty of sunshine, the daily light should not be less than 5-6 hours, otherwise the branches and leaves are weak, grow only, the flowers are bad, and the flowers are not colorful. It is generally appropriate to put it in a place with sufficient light, but if you put it on the concrete floor of a high-rise building, you should pay attention to proper shade and sun protection at noon in summer.

5. Watering method of rose culture

Rose flowers should be watered with moderate dryness and humidity. When new branches and leaves grow in March, they are watered once every two days and carried out in the morning. When forming buds in April, water them once a day. After entering the flowering period in May, the pot soil is too dry and wet, which will cause falling flowers. Generally, it will be watered once at about 8: 00 in the morning, and then irrigate an appropriate amount of water as appropriate. Grasp the principle of "no dry, no watering, watering thoroughly". The leaf surface needs to be cooled by spraying water frequently in summer.

6. Fertilization methods for rose culture

Grasp the principle of "applying thin fertilizer frequently" and avoid applying raw fertilizer and thick fertilizer. Applying a little organic fertilizer to the roots in winter can enhance the ability of overwintering cold resistance. Before sprouting in early March, high concentrations of liquid fertilizers such as mature human feces and urine, bean cakes, chicken and duck dung, fish offal and so on can be applied. When the bud is ready to bloom, add one more light liquid fertilizer. After the flower fade in summer and before the axillary bud is developed, a medium concentration of mature liquid fertilizer can be applied to promote a large number of blossoms in autumn.

Potted rose flowers can be fertilized properly, mainly cake fertilizer, 50 grams for annual plants, 70 grams for 3-year-old roses and 100 grams for 4-5-year-old roses. Thin liquid fertilizer can also be applied in the growing season, such as rotten horseshoe water, sesame paste residue water, chemical fertilizer dilute solution and so on.

7. Matters needing attention in rose culture

(1) the rose flower has strong cold tolerance and can withstand the low temperature of-10 ℃. Generally speaking, the south does not have to move indoors to survive the winter, it only needs to be placed under the eaves facing south. Don't prune after blooming in October so as not to sprout new buds. Stop applying nitrogen fertilizer, and apply phosphorus and potassium fertilizer to make the branches strong and full, so as to enhance cold tolerance. Do not lose water when freezing to prevent death from dry freezing.

(2) generally, when the new shoot grows to 15-20 cm, cut off the top 3 cm or so to make the lateral bud germinate. When the lateral branch grows to a certain length, it should continue to pick the heart until it reaches the required number of branches.

(3) the potted rose flower pot is easy to dry and the nutrition is easy to be lost, so the cattle should be watered and fertilized in time. It should be watered once every two or three days in spring, and then watered once a day with the rise of temperature, and should be properly watered every day in hot summer. Of course, do not make the basin stagnant water, should pay attention to drainage after heavy rain, otherwise, long-term stagnant water will cause root rot.

(4) the rose flower pot should be carried out before sprouting in early spring, using rotten sesame sauce dregs and horseshoe slices as base fertilizer, put ten balls of seedlings in the center of the basin, add soil around to 2cm or 3cm away from the basin, press the officers and soldiers, pour water thoroughly, place in a cool place, and do not move in a sunny place after a week.

8. Propagation methods of rose culture

Sexual reproduction is often used to cultivate new varieties. The method of cutting and grafting in family cultivation is simple and easy, and it is widely used.

Most of the cuttings were carried out above 15 ℃ in spring or in early summer or early autumn. In order to improve the survival rate, ring peeling can be carried out on the plant, and then the branches can be cut off after the callus is produced.

Grafting is the main means of propagation of Chinese rose. Choosing the right rootstock is the key. At present, the commonly used rootstocks are wild rose, pink rose and so on. Grafting is carried out in the dormant period, and branch grafting is often used. From December to February in the south, and before the leaf buds sprout in spring in the north. In the growing season, the management should be strengthened after bud grafting.