Technology of artificial Culture of Sea Cucumber

Sea cucumbers are covered with spines and are widely distributed in the oceans of the world. There are many kinds of sea cucumbers along the coast of the South China Sea, and there are about 20 kinds of sea cucumbers to eat. Sea cucumbers are as famous as ginseng, bird's nest and shark fin, and are one of the eight treasures in the world. Sea cucumber is not only a precious food, but also a valuable medicine.

Shrimp pond culture

Using the existing shrimp ponds, tiles, stones and old tires are used as artificial reefs for sea cucumbers to inhabit.

The planting density of young ginseng is about 5 cm in body length and 3000 ~ 5000 seedlings per mu.

Sea cucumbers are fed on benthic diatoms and organic detritus attached to ginseng reefs. At the same time, it can be fed with artificial bait, or fed with algae such as rat tail algae, undaria, kelp and so on.

The water depth of shrimp ponds should be kept at 1.5 ~ 2.0 meters, and the water level should be high in summer and winter, so as to facilitate sea cucumbers to sleep in summer and overwinter.

It is strictly forbidden to apply chemical disinfectants or discharge oil into shrimp ponds to prevent autolysis of ginseng. In addition, we should pay attention to the temperature and salinity of the pool water, and pay close attention to the water environment around the pool when receiving water, so as to ensure that the daily exchange capacity of the pool water is 10% to 15%.

Raft culture at sea

The tidal current in the sea area is smooth, there is no big wind and wave attack, and there is no pollution from industrial and domestic sewage.

Aquaculture generally uses abalone cage, scallop cage, plastic bucket culture, and mostly mixed with abalone. The body length of ginseng seedlings is about 5 cm, the density is 200 ~ 300 heads per square meter, the hanging water layer is between 5 meters and 8 meters, and the distance between cages is 3 meters ~ 4 meters.

The bait is sargassum, kelp or artificial bait. The density should be gradually thinned with the growth of the individual, and the damage degree of the cage should be checked at any time.

The cage net should be sunk in time before the typhoon or storm surge to avoid damage.

Sea cucumbers raised on sea raft can also be mixed with algae.

Submarine sunken cage culture

Select the inner bay sea area where the tidal current is smooth, calm and without a large amount of fresh water, and make a net cage with thick steel bar, which can be round or rectangular, with a net coat with a cover and a number of stones (3 kg ~ 5 kg /).

The stocking density is 3 cm ~ 5 cm ginseng seedlings 200 ~ 300 / m2, and the bait is artificial bait or kelp, sargassum, etc., which can be fed once every 3 ~ 5 days or once a week according to the situation.

Pay attention to the damage of the net coat every day, and timely and dense according to the growth speed of sea cucumbers.

Disease prevention and treatment

Compared with ginseng, sea cucumber has relatively high nutritional value and medicinal value, and has high economic benefits, so it has become the choice of many entrepreneurs in sea cucumbers. What are the symptoms and diagnostic methods of planaria in the process of sea cucumber culture?

[pathogens] there are 16 genera and 33 species of gastropods, including 6 species of Oncomelania, 5 species of Oncomelania, 4 species of Cerambycidae, 13 genera and 3 species each.

[symptoms] gastropods are parasitic on the body surface, body cavity, digestive tract, respiratory trees and other tissues and organs of sea cucumber. The deep-sea bean monster snail (Pisolamia brychius) is parasitic on the Oneirophanata mutabilis. The deep-sea bean monster snail is absorbed on the body surface of the sea cucumber with a kiss, and stabs into the body wall of the sea cucumber, passes through the body wall to reach the body cavity, uses the snout process to feed from the parasitic tissue, body cavity and blood, and appears a mass where the kiss penetrates into the body wall.

[diagnosis] the pathogen can be diagnosed by microscopic examination of the tissue of the disease.