Culture techniques of freshwater shrimp

Freshwater shrimp are distributed everywhere in our country. Xiao Bian explains the method of artificial cultivation of freshwater shrimp for everyone today. Freshwater shrimp is a very common aquatic product, high protein content is deeply loved by everyone, freshwater shrimp production methods are also diverse, so sales are good, is worth recommending aquaculture products, we can learn freshwater shrimp farming technology.

Freshwater shrimp culture technology

I. Pond conditions and cleanup. It is advisable to select a freshwater pond or shrimp pond with an area of 3~5 mu, a water depth of 1.5~2.5 meters, sufficient fresh water source, no pollution and sandy bottom.

2. Fertilization and bait cultivation. A week before stocking shrimp seedlings, filter with 60~80 mesh sieve silk net, feed water 30cm, apply base fertilizer (fermented animal manure) 50kg or urea 5kg per mu to cultivate basic food.

Third, shrimp seedling stocking. Generally, shrimp larvae can be stocked when the water temperature is stable at 18~20℃ in late May. Shrimp fry need to be desalinated for more than a week, and the proportion below 1.003 can be stocked. Generally, 30,000 ~ 40,000 shrimp seedlings of 0.7~1.0 cm are put per mu, and seedlings below 0.7 cm need temporary cultivation. Shrimp pond can be mixed culture 10~20 cm silver carp species 80~150 tail.

4. Feeding bait. Shrimp fry in the pond in January basically do not need to feed compound bait, mainly rely on plankton in the pond for food. After 1 month, feed compound bait, supplemented with fresh fish, shellfish meat, etc., feeding rate is generally 3%~5% of shrimp weight. From July to September, the feeding amount can be appropriately increased, and the principle of no residual bait is adopted. The feeding times are 2/3 times a day, 1/3 in the daytime and 2/3 in the evening.

5. Water diversion and disease prevention. After 10 days of stocking shrimp seedlings, gradually add water, adding 10~15 cm of water every week. In high temperature season, the water changes 20~30 cm every 2~3 days. Every half month or so, 5~10 kg of quicklime per mu is used to sprinkle the whole pool, which not only improves water quality and substrate quality, but also sterilizes and promotes shelling growth. At the same time, 1‰~3‰ garlic bait should be mixed for 3~5 days after 15~20 days.

VI. Collection. Generally cultured for 80~100 days, shrimp up to 7~10 cm can be caught and sold according to market conditions. It can be caught by net or water, and the survival rate can reach 90% after 36 hours of dry transportation.

Daily management of freshwater shrimp

1. Establish a system of pool inspection. Patrol the pool every day and take countermeasures in time when abnormal conditions are found.

2. Regulate water quality. Keep the dissolved oxygen in the shrimp pond above 5 g/L, pH 7~8.5, transparency about 40 cm. Change the water every 15 to 20 days, 1/3 of each time. Sprinkle secondary lime water every 20 days, and use 10 kg of quicklime per mu each time. Keep the water level stable and not fluctuating.

3. Strengthen the management of habitat and molting sites. There are always more aquatic plants in the shrimp pond. A large number of shrimp molting is strictly prohibited interference, molting immediately after feeding high-quality palatable feed to prevent mutual killing, promote growth.

4. Prevention of escape and disease. Strengthen inspection in flood season to prevent shrimp escape. Do a good job in disease prevention and control and enemy elimination.

Living Habits of Freshwater Shrimp

Freshwater shrimps live in rivers, lakes, ponds and ditches. They inhabit deep water in winter. When the water temperature rises in spring, they move to the shore. In summer, they feed and breed in coastal aquatic plants. The spawning period is from April to early September, and the peak period is June and July. The appropriate water temperature is 18-28 ° C. After overwintering, the female shrimp can lay eggs twice in succession from April to July. When the first eggs hatch, the ovaries mature again, followed by molting, mating, and a second spawning. The interval between two eggs is about 20-25 days. Some of the new shrimp population (usually 24-35 mm in length) matured sexually and spawned eggs in August, but their offspring were unable to lay eggs that year.

When the ovary of female shrimp is mature, the ovary is brownish green, the edge of abdominal side armor is pale yellow, and it opens to both sides. Mating takes place before the females lay eggs. Before mating, females usually molt. When mating, male shrimp will hold the female shrimp, the belly of the body and the belly of the female shrimp, lateral bottom or water plants, and then male shrimp discharge sperm. The mating time is short. After mating, female shrimp generally lay eggs within 24 hours. Most eggs are laid before dawn. All mature eggs in the ovary are produced at once.

Habitat of Freshwater Shrimp

1. Water quality

Fresh water with high hardness, fresh water quality, rich dissolved oxygen, alkaline, in line with fishery water quality standards.

2. Water temperature

The water temperature should not be too high or too low, the optimal water temperature is 20~25 degrees, and the reproductive peak is 26~30 degrees.

3. Dissolved oxygen

Intolerant of hypoxia environment, its oxygen consumption rate and suffocation point are higher than ordinary fish, when the fish pond hypoxia, shrimp will float first, the first death.

4. Light

Light is an important factor for the growth and fattening of freshwater shrimp. The adult shrimp is more afraid of light, but the juvenile shrimp has strong phototaxis. The shrimp has selectivity to light color. Yellow light and green light are easy to cause phototaxis reaction to it, and it has light protection reaction to red light.

Freshwater shrimp species

At present, the main species of freshwater lobsters cultured in China are original crab shrimp, red crab shrimp and apiti shrimp.

1. Protocrab shrimp clarkii is native to Central and South America and northeastern Mexico. It was introduced into China from Japan in the 1930s. The shrimp is shaped like shrimp and has a hard carapace. The adult body is about 5.6-11.9cm long, dark red, and the carapace is nearly black. There is an oblique stripe on the back of the abdomen. The young shrimp are uniformly gray, sometimes with black ripples. Crab, long and narrow. The middle part of the carapace is not separated by reticulate spaces, and the carapace is obviously granular. It can grow in salinity of 3‰ to 9‰, and can withstand high temperature of 40℃ and low temperature of-15℃. Fertility is strong.

2, red crab shrimp is also known as Australian lobster, freshwater lobster, crayfish. Wild species of Australia origin, similar in shape to lobster, is one of the world's excellent freshwater shrimp culture. The shrimp can live in rivers, lakes, ponds, benthos, crawling, and can survive in brackish water. Omnivorous, feeding on organic detritus, aquatic plants, aquatic insects, meiofauna, fermented cow dung and artificial compound feeds. The optimum water temperature is 22-32℃. Limiting water temperatures 4℃ and 37℃. When the water quality deteriorates, it can climb out of the water body to save itself.

3. Shrimp has strong drought resistance, shrimp and shrimp seedlings can survive for a long time in humid and waterless environment. Abi shrimp is not good at swimming, mostly crawling at the bottom of the habitat, like to hide in the cracks in the masonry. Under the water grass, like cluster activities, day and night out, do not like strong light. The survival temperature range of Abishrimp is 5-35 ℃, and the suitable growth temperature is 13-28℃. When the water temperature exceeds 13℃, it begins to feed, grow and reproduce. When the water temperature exceeds 30℃, it will inhibit growth and even cause death. It has strong hypoxia tolerance. Adult shrimp can survive in water with salinity below 17%. Abi shrimp is omnivorous, can ingest plant food, such as vegetables, grain, plant debris, etc., can also ingest animal food, such as earthworms, insect larvae, snails, small fish and shrimp, tadpoles or other meat.

Nutritional value and efficacy of freshwater shrimp

1. Easy to digest. Freshwater shrimp is easy to digest, and belongs to high-protein low-fat food, very suitable for weak constitution, need conditioning after illness.

2. Reduce cholesterol. Eating freshwater shrimp can effectively reduce cholesterol content in the blood, effectively prevent arteriosclerosis, dilate coronary arteries, and effectively prevent hypertension and myocardial infarction.

3. Freshwater shrimp is rich in phosphorus and calcium. Especially good for growing children.

In fact, freshwater shrimp is still very common, and the most typical representative of freshwater shrimp is shrimp, and we buy freshwater shrimp in the market are generally shrimp, shrimp is also considered freshwater shrimp easier to breed.