Methods and matters needing attention of sericulture

The lovely appearance of the baby silkworm is deeply loved by the children. it is a very interesting process to watch the baby silkworm grow up and cocoon into a silkworm moth. So what are the methods of sericulture? What are the precautions? Next, let's study together.

Methods and matters needing attention of sericulture in each stage

1. From silkworm ants to silkworm babies

The suitable temperature is 20-25 ℃.

Time: 2-3 days to hatch.

Collecting ants: the silkworm will come out of the eggshell like an ant and draw it to the tender leaves with a very light gesture. Note: Bombyx mori eggs should be ventilated and protected from light during hatching.

2. Feeding baby silkworms

The living habits of silkworm babies are: sleep when they are full and eat when they wake up.

Living environment: flat box made of plastic or wood

Note: Mulberry leaves should be fresh, you can also collect one plastic bag at a time, use several pieces every day, and sprinkle the rest in the refrigerator to keep them fresh. The collected leaves will have a certain amount of dust, which can be washed and dried, which must be dried, otherwise small silkworms or big silkworms will have diarrhea.

3. Silkworm baby spinning cocoon

Molting: after a peeling, it is the second instar larva. Even if the larva exfoliates once, it will be peeled for a total of four times.

Cocoon: 4 times after molting and then 7-8 days later, no longer eat mulberry leaves, the body begins to shine, then start looking for a suitable place to start cocooning.

Note: put something that can be supported in the sericulture box to help baby silkworms make cocoons.

4. About silkworm shit

Silkworm droppings, also known as silkworm sand, have the effects of treating dampness, itching, fire, rheumatism, smart ears and clear eyes. Many old people dry it and make pillows for their newborn children to sleep. Silkworm feces, black particles, traditional Chinese medicine can be used as medicine, or a good nourishment for plants.

5. The baby silkworm breaks the cocoon

Peeling for the last time (the fifth time) in the cocoon to become a pupa. After about 7-10 days, the pupation becomes a silkworm moth and comes out of the cocoon.

Note: the fat one is the silkworm baby's mother, and the thin one is the silkworm baby's father. Let the silkworm baby's father and mother live together, to the next day, you can see a lot of silkworm eggs, if well protected, to the next spring these silkworm eggs can hatch again.

Matters needing attention in sericulture

1. Silkworms can't starve to death. Only when they get sick will they die.

2. don't touch the silkworm with your hands; the mulberry leaves fed to it should be washed clean, but the water must be wiped dry after washing, so as not to let the silkworm touch the water, or it will die. Put it in a cardboard box or a small sieve for sieving rice. If you use a sieve, put some paper cushion at the bottom of the sieve.

3. Silkworms are particularly sensitive to fragrance and cannot use perfume, mosquito-repellent incense, air purifier, scented cosmetics and so on. Absolutely prohibit the use of any type of insecticide!

4. when the young silkworm has just hatched from its eggs, it should be treated with special care, feed it with a relatively tender mulberry, and move it with a very soft brush when changing mulberry leaves, paying attention to its strength; sometimes the mulberry leaves are too dry and will leave the young silkworms on the mulberry leaves to be discarded in the process of mulberry change. It is difficult to raise when you are young, but it will be easier when you grow up. When it is about to bear cocoons, take some wheat stalks and tie them into the shape of branches.

5. After breaking the cocoon, put them together in a box, and they will mate together and lay eggs. Sometimes because there are few silkworms, moths will be alone when they break the cocoon, but don't worry, as long as a pair of silkworms succeed, I believe it will be enough for you to raise.

6. If the mulberry leaves are fresh, you can also collect one plastic bag at a time, use a few of them every day, and sprinkle the rest in the refrigerator to keep them fresh. The collected leaves will have a certain amount of dust, which can be washed and cooled and dried, and must be cold and dry, otherwise the young or big silkworms will have diarrhea and may die.

Sericulture technology

1. Spray mulberry leaves for feeding and sericulture: one jin of water plus 5 ml fermentation broth, spray 10 jin of mulberry leaves to add food, once a day. Silkworms love to eat, feces do not smell, fast growth, thick cocoons, good quality, can increase production by about 10%.

2. Spraying silkworm body to cool down and relieve heat: if the temperature is high in summer, the silkworm is easy to get sick, and the silkworm is easy to die of heatstroke if the room temperature is too high. Can be in high temperature weather, according to a jin of water plus 5 ml fermentation broth, spray on the silkworm body, every day, once in the afternoon.

3, spray mulberry leaves fresh-keeping: the temperature is high in summer, the collected mulberry leaves will turn yellow and deteriorate after being stacked for a long time, and the climate is dry in autumn. The collected mulberry leaves will dry up and become hard if they stay for a long time. The mulberry leaves can be sprayed wet by adding 5 milliliters of fermentation broth according to a jin of water. Then put the mulberry leaves into a weaving bag or pile them on the ground, cover them with plastic sheeting, and keep them fresh for 24 hours.

4. Spraying mulberry leaves to promote growth: spray mulberry leaves in mulberry fields according to 1 jin of water and 1ml fermentation broth, spray mulberry leaves three times a month, and add 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate to achieve better results. It is appropriate to spray mulberry leaves without dripping water. The mulberry leaves grow fast and the leaves are oil-green and fat, which can increase the yield by 20%. It can also reduce diseases and insect pests.

Note: antibiotics should not be used 6 hours before and after the use of activity 99 fermentation broth. No matter how long the fermentation broth is preserved, as long as it has a sweet and mellow smell, it can be used, but not if it stinks.

What should be paid attention to in sericulture in summer and autumn?

First, prevent pesticide poisoning. In sericulture season, do not spray insecticidal double and other organochlorine pesticides on the farmland near the silkworm room, its fumigation will lead to silkworm poisoning; silkworm mulberry leaves can be picked and fed to silkworms only after trial feeding.

Mosquito-repellent incense or mosquito or insecticide is prohibited in the silkworm room. In the housing adjacent to the silkworm room, the doors and windows of the silkworm room should also be closed to prevent silkworm poisoning.

Third, the silkworm room should install screen doors and screen windows to prevent flies from entering the silkworm room to harm the silkworm, and add "killing silkworm fly" emulsion or spraying silkworm body to kill maggots.

Fourth, before sericulture, the rat hole should be blocked, the silkworm rack and the wall should be kept at a certain distance, and the feet of the silkworm frame should be sprinkled with lime powder or silkworm medicine to prevent the rats from climbing. To raise silkworms, it is necessary to do a good job of killing rats with drugs.

Fifth, the temperature of sericulture is relatively high in summer and autumn, so it is necessary to open doors and windows and strengthen indoor ventilation. Mulberry leaves are sprayed with fresh water and a breeze is blown by an electric fan, which is also conducive to indoor cooling.

Sixth, diseased silkworms should be cleaned up in time, put into disinfection basins filled with bleach solution or lime slurry, and feed diseased silkworms to livestock and poultry to prevent the spread of pathogens and pollute the environment.

Seventh, silkworm sand contains a large number of pathogens, do not spread around the silkworm room, should be concentrated in the field or put into the dung pit retting system, in order to prevent the spread of pathogens.

Due to the high temperature in summer and autumn and the rapid reproduction of pathogens, attention should be paid to picking leaves as needed, transporting leaves in time and storing leaves reasonably. Mulberry storage ponds should be disinfected once per age, do not feed overnight mulberry leaves.

9. Wet leaves should not be fed in hot and humid weather, mulberry leaves should not be sprinkled with water, sand should be removed frequently, fresh lime powder, dried straw and other materials should be sprinkled to inhibit the growth and reproduction of bacteria.

Ten, is not sericulture season, silkworm room do not store grain, bran and other things, so as to avoid damp mites, sericulture harm to sericulture.

The trick of sericulture and mulberry festival

1. Mulberry leaves should be collected, transported and stored reasonably.

Try to pick leaves in the morning or evening, pick and transport with them, loose and fast. The collected mulberry leaves are loosened and put into mulberry ponds or mulberry storage rooms for reasonable storage to prevent wind blowing or accumulation of heat and deterioration, resulting in waste of mulberry leaves.

2. Prevent mulberry leaves from withering.

The young silkworm is nurtured with Kang bed (room) and covered with plastic film to keep the mulberry leaves fresh. After feeding silkworms in the big silkworm period, close the doors and windows properly, wait for about 70% of the mulberry leaves to be eaten, and then open the doors and windows for ventilation, which can effectively prevent mulberry leaves from withering.

3. Ensure the temperature of silkworm room.

The suitable temperature for big silkworm and young silkworm is 24 ℃ and 25 ℃ respectively. In the range of suitable temperature, the appetite of silkworm is strong, the residual mulberry leaves are reduced, and the conversion rate of silk is increased.

4. Popularize less rearing and mulberry rearing.

The labor-saving sericulture techniques, such as one-day three-dimensional rearing of young silkworms, two-time rearing of full-age silkworms and mulberry rearing of large silkworms, not only improve the efficiency of sericulture, but also help silkworms eat mulberry, saving about 5% of mulberry leaves compared with ordinary rearing.

5. Plan to use mulberry and ration mulberry.

According to different silkworm age by age, day by day, back to formulate the standard amount of mulberry, so that "silkworm full food is not wasted, save mulberry is not hungry silkworm". At the beginning and end of each instar, the amount of mulberry eaten is reduced, and the leaves should be fed properly at this time. During the feeding period of 5-year-old silkworm, silkworms should be fully fed, but the maximum amount of mulberry per day should be controlled within 110 kg.

6. Add ecdysone.

Silkworms see ripe about 5%, each species use a molting hormone, 25 kg of water, mixed with 20 kg of mulberry leaves, once eaten by silkworms, can promote silkworms to mature together, each species can save about 10 kg of mulberry leaves.

Sericulture is easy to raise, but there are also a lot of points for attention. Sericulture can not only bring profits, but also very suitable for children to breed. Sericulture helps to improve children's hands-on and observation ability, and can stimulate children to learn to take care of small animals.