The latest new technology of planting mulberry and sericulture with high efficiency

If you want to breed animals or plants, you must learn their farming techniques. Silkworm farming can grow mulberry trees by itself. Let's take a look at how to plant mulberry trees and raise silkworms.

The New Technology of Mulberry and Silkworm Cultivation with High Efficiency

I. Establish and improve the management system

Silkworm industry is a production activity with high technical content, such as silkworm seed breeding, unified breeding, unified management, unified inspection and quarantine, silkworm mid-term management, late harvest, market orientation, etc., all need complete management system, in order to improve production efficiency and competitiveness.

II. Scientific and standardized management

The development of silkworm industry is inseparable from scientific management and technology. On the one hand, the selection and cultivation of mulberry seedlings and the management of mulberry fields must be carried out strictly according to standards; on the other hand, strict management and application of science and technology are required in the breeding process.

1. The quality of mulberry leaves is the first guarantee for raising silkworms. Focusing on high quality, highlighting the characteristics of high yield, high quality and high resistance of seedlings, and taking thick leaf flesh, more nutrients, high yield and good quality as character indexes, we have carried out research and development of new varieties. At present, the main excellent mulberry varieties promoted in our district are Guisangyou 12, Guisangyou 62, Teyou 2, Nongsang 12, etc.

2. Mulberry garden management Do a good job in mulberry garden planning. The planting period, specifications and methods of mulberry seedlings, fertilizer and water management of mulberry garden, mulberry twig cutting, garden cleaning and disinfection, cultivation and weeding, pest control, mulberry leaf harvesting, etc. should be carried out strictly according to requirements.

3. Co-rearing of young silkworms is a new technology of silkworm rearing, which has the advantages of easy care, disease prevention and high yield.

First, it is necessary to build a co-cultivation room with heat preservation, moisture retention, air circulation, suitable light, convenient disinfection and other conditions. The area and quantity shall be determined according to the actual situation. The second is to do a good job of disinfection, disinfection one week before breeding, first clean up the silkworm room and surrounding environmental sanitation, and then carry out "two disinfection and one washing". Third, it is necessary to do a good job of incubation and ant collection, control the temperature and humidity during incubation, select the appropriate time for ant collection in the morning, spread the silkworm eggs in sterile silkworm plaques, and turn on the light for 3~4 hours to collect ants. Fourthly, master the young silkworm technology well. The 15-character silkworm rearing method of "suitable temperature and humidity, excellent leaf quality, uniform silkworm seat, strict disease prevention and regular dormancy" is required for young silkworm co-breeding, that is, the temperature of young silkworm 1~2 instar is controlled at about 23~25℃, the difference between dry and wet is ±2℃, and the temperature of young silkworm 3 instar is 26℃~27℃, and the difference between dry and wet is ±2.5℃; the early mulberry leaves should be fresh, without dew and under sufficient sunlight; the young silkworm develops quickly, so it is necessary to expand the seat evenly in time to ensure a certain silkworm seat area; Remove sand before sleeping, sleep after eating, control day sleep and prevent night sleep; timely do a good job of disinfection, use "small silkworm disease prevention No.1" to disinfect silkworm body before feeding silkworm, and then add net to mulberry to ensure healthy growth of young silkworm.

4, big silkworm breeding 4~5 instar silkworm said big silkworm period, raising big silkworm should also follow the "good ventilation, good mulberry full, silkworm seat thin, disinfection frequently, batch cleaning" 15 word technical requirements, pay attention to temperature and humidity regulation, prevent high temperature, wet. Indoor ventilation should be maintained, temperature controlled at about 25℃, relative humidity 70%~75%, silkworm seat sanitation should be done well to prevent silkworm disease occurrence and infection, silkworm body and silkworm seat should be disinfected with fresh lime every morning, and sand should be removed every day.(No sand removal is needed for indoor ground breeding). Lime powder should be sprinkled to control humidity and keep dry in rainy days. With the continuous growth of silkworms, silkworm seats should be expanded in time to ensure that the silkworm seat area of each silkworm egg (10 grams of ants) reaches about 30 square meters at the fifth instar, providing a suitable environment for silkworm growth. Mulberry leaves should be fresh and good in quality, and 8~15 leaves under terminal bud should be selected as best. Generally in the morning and evening picking leaves (avoid picking dew leaves), 4 instars to good mulberry satiety, mulberry leaves need 65~70 kg/piece, 5 instars to reasonable mulberry, improve mulberry utilization rate, this period mulberry amount accounts for about 85% of the whole age mulberry amount (about 400 kg/piece), each mulberry amount to the next mulberry just eat up is appropriate. Conscientiously do a good job of disinfection and disease prevention, with "prevention first" as the principle, during the breeding period to take comprehensive control, enhance the silkworm's physique.

III. Increase professional and technical training

The development of silkworm industry requires science and technology and management to improve production efficiency.

1. Strengthen technical training

Carry out various forms of technical training, select professional technical backbones to carry out centralized training for mulberry and silkworm breeding households, cultivate silkworm science and technology demonstration households, and comprehensively improve the overall quality and professional technical level by means of points and areas.

2. Increase service awareness

The municipal and county-level silkworm management departments organize various forms of breeding technical guidance work, such as setting up silkworm technical service hotlines, establishing silkworm technical service centers, compiling books based on actual experience and technology in management, and distributing them to various breeding sites free of charge to truly solve difficult problems in the breeding process for them.

3. Establish a development model driven by enterprises and supported by the government

Local government departments should give full play to the awareness of guidance and service, and truly embody the concept of putting people's interests first. Relying on leading silkworm enterprises, giving full play to the radiation effect of point and area, driving the industrialization development of silkworm; the government vigorously supports, giving relevant subsidies to seedlings, independent large silkworm houses, small silkworm co-breeding households, etc., increasing the driving force for the development of silkworm industry; setting up agent purchase points, supervised by industry and commerce and relevant departments, unifying purchase prices, maintaining cocoon market order and protecting silkworm farmers 'interests.

4. Increase comprehensive benefit utilization

At present, the development of single silkworm industry is far from adapting to the increasingly fierce market competition. It is necessary to speed up the development and utilization of silkworm by-products, such as mulberry twig for edible fungi and paper processing, silkworm excrement for organic fertilizer, silkworm chrysalis for medicine, mulberry fruit for diet and health care, etc., so as to maximize the comprehensive benefits of silkworm industry.

There are tricks to raising silkworms and mulberry trees

Under normal circumstances, silkworm rearing requires 15 kilograms of mulberry leaves for each kilogram of cocoon produced. After taking measures to save mulberry, each silkworm egg can save about 50 kg mulberry, and cocoon yield and quality can not be affected at all. The saving measures are:

1. Mulberry leaves should be collected, transported and stored reasonably. Try to pick leaves in the morning or evening, pick them with them, loose them and transport them quickly. The collected mulberry leaves are put into mulberry storage pond or mulberry storage room after shaking and loosening, and stored reasonably to prevent wind blowing or accumulation of heat and deterioration, resulting in mulberry leaf waste.

2. Ensure the temperature of silkworm room. The suitable temperature for large and small silkworms is 24℃ and 25℃ respectively. In the suitable temperature range, silkworm appetite is strong, residual mulberry leaves are reduced, and leaf silk conversion rate is increased.

3. Prevent mulberry leaves from withering. Young silkworm period uses kang bed to breed, plastic film covers breed, in order to keep warm moisture, make mulberry leaf keeps fresh. Closing doors and windows properly after feeding silkworm in large silkworm stage, and opening doors and windows for ventilation after 70% mulberry leaves are eaten, can effectively prevent mulberry leaves from withering.

4. Popularize the breeding of less return and mulberry strip. The labor-saving silkworm rearing techniques, such as three-dimensional one-day rearing of small silkworms, two-round rearing of whole instars, and mulberry rearing of large silkworms, not only improve the efficiency of silkworm rearing, but also facilitate silkworm feeding, saving mulberry leaves by about 5% compared with ordinary rearing.

5. Plan to use mulberry and ration mulberry. According to the different silkworm period by age, day by day, back to the standard mulberry amount, so that "silkworm satiation does not waste, save mulberry not hungry silkworm". At the beginning and end of each instar, the amount of mulberry eaten is reduced, and the leaves should be fed appropriately at this time. The 5-instar silkworm feeding period should be fully satisfied, but the maximum daily mulberry consumption should be controlled within 110 kg.

6. Add molting hormone. Silkworms mature about 5%, each species using a molting hormone, mixed with 25 kg of water, mixed with 20 kg of mulberry leaves, once to the silkworm eat, can promote the silkworm mature together, each species can save about 10 kg of mulberry leaves.

How does mulberry grow fast?

According to a catty of water plus 1-2 ml fermentation liquid, spraying mulberry leaves in mulberry fields, spraying 2-3 times a month, adding 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate has better effect. Spray to mulberry leaves completely wet without dripping water is appropriate. Mulberry leaves grow fast, green and plump, and can increase production by 20-25%. It can also reduce pests.

Antibiotics should not be used for 6 hours before and after the use of vitality 99 starter fermentation broth. No matter how long the fermentation broth is preserved, it can be used as long as it still has a sweet and mellow smell. If it stinks, it cannot be used.

What first aid measures should be taken after silkworm occurrence pesticide poisoning?

1. Quickly open doors and windows or put silkworms in ventilated places, sprinkle sand isolation materials, and add nets to remove sand, and give fresh mulberry leaves.

2. Quickly identify the source of poison, cut off the source of poison, and avoid re-poisoning.

3. Detoxification treatment: spray small silkworms with clean water, wash large silkworms with clean water for two minutes, remove them and dry them in the shade, some can be revived, feed fresh leaves; all toxic utensils are washed with alkaline water and exposed to the sun. Organophosphorus poisoning can also eat leaves after the appropriate addition of atropine.

4. The nutrition should be strengthened for the lightly poisoned silkworm and the recovered silkworm, and the mature young leaves should be given, and a small amount of multiple re-breeding should be taken. A small amount of sugar can also be added.

Before I saw others raising silkworms, they were also mulberry trees planted by themselves. Every day, they would pick mulberry leaves for silkworms to eat. As many mulberry leaves as needed are picked, so that silkworm can eat fresh mulberry leaves every day. Mulberry pesticide should also be controlled, do not let silkworms eat to have pesticides mulberry leaves.