Scientific Culture Technology of Earthworm

Earthworms are annelids that like to live in damp and dark soil. Recently, earthworm breeding is also a new industry, earthworms have a certain medicinal value and edible value, but also can improve the soil, has a high utilization value. The following editor gives you popular science about the techniques of raising earthworms.

Scientific Culture Technology of Earthworm

For the sake of caution, the identification of feed should be done before formal breeding, and a small amount of earthworms should be put on the feed bed. if the earthworms are unwilling to enter the feed, it means that the feed is not mature and needs to continue fermentation. It has been proved by production practice that the method of composting culture on flat land can reproduce a large number of earthworms. 1000-2000 earthworms can be inoculated on each bed, and after a large number of earthworms multiply in 3 months, they will be cultured in ponds in time. It is generally fed once a month to ensure that earthworms have enough feed so that they can reproduce and grow rapidly.

Temperature has an important effect on the growth and development of earthworms. When the temperature is lower than 5 ℃ or higher than 30 ℃, it is not conducive to the reproduction and growth of earthworms. When the temperature drops to 7 ℃, a large number of earthworms escape, and if they are below 0 ℃, they may freeze to death.

The growth temperature of earthworm is between 5-30 ℃, and the most suitable temperature is 20 ℃. Earthworms are aerobic exercise and rely on the skin to breathe, so it requires sufficient oxygen in the feed of the breeding bed, ventilation and loose feed to ensure that there is sufficient oxygen, so that earthworms can grow well, otherwise their growth and development will be hindered, and their body color will be dark and slow.

There is a close relationship between the growth and reproduction of earthworms and the pH value of feed. generally, the range of adaptation is between PH6.0-8.0. the most suitable range is PH7.0. Beyond this range, earthworms will dehydrate, dry, shrink, turn black and purple, feel pure late, escape and so on. It has been proved by production practice that the PH value can be adjusted by washing the feed with water before putting in the feed. Washing feed with water will lose some water-soluble nutrients, but it can remove harmful gases, wash salts and harmful substances, but the better fermented feed does not need to adjust the PH value.

Earthworms like to eat sweet feed, protein, sugar-rich feed, especially like rotten fruits, vegetable leaves, but also like to eat sweet and sour feed. The feed of earthworms must be often watered and kept moist. Too dry or too wet feed will affect the growth and development of earthworms.

Water is the material basis of physiological activities of earthworms and an important factor in regulating body temperature. Earthworms can get water and nutrients from feed.

The water content of earthworms is about 85%. In daily life, there must be a certain amount of water in order to grow and develop.

The feed is swallowed by earthworms for about a month, the new feed with rich nutrition should be supplemented in time, the feeding is generally carried out after the feces are cleared, the earthworms feed from top to bottom, and the fecal grains accumulate on the surface for a long time, which is disadvantageous to the growth and reproduction of earthworms and should be eliminated in time. Scrape earthworm dung and supplement new feed on the breeding bed at the same time.

When the weight of most earthworms in the bed has reached 400-500 mg and the density reaches 1.5-20,000 per square meter, some earthworms can be collected. There are many ways to harvest earthworms. On the surface of the culture bed, use multi-tooth rake to loosen the bed material on the surface, and so on, after the earthworms drill down, scrape the surface earthworm dung, loosen the bed material and scrape the earthworm manure repeatedly, and finally the earthworms are concentrated in the bottom layer to achieve the purpose of collecting adult worms.

Introduction techniques of earthworms

The purchase of earthworm species should avoid long-distance transportation as far as possible, choose a closer way to buy species, and transport them early and late in summer, so as not to cause excessive stress to earthworms.

Adopt the small area trial method, choose a few square meters of breeding bed to try feeding, and observe whether there is any abnormal reaction. Abnormal reactions include violent tumbling, escape, and accumulation on the surface of the bed. Do not enter the breeding bed and other phenomena. If abnormal, first check whether the pH of cow dung is suitable, whether cow dung has been sprayed with disinfectant, etc., if the suitable pH value for earthworm life is 6: 18, if there is no abnormality, all earthworm species can be put into use.

The natural enemies of earthworms often seriously affect the feeding of earthworms, and there are many kinds of them, which can be divided into two categories: predatory natural enemies, rodents (such as voles, domestic rats, etc.) are very fond of eating earthworms; they are good at digging holes, often preying on earthworms and cocoons in feeding beds or baskets, and even grabbing earthworm feed, which do great harm to earthworms.

How to collect earthworms?

1. Irrigation and capture method. Earthworms are afraid of stagnant water, so they can be caught when they come out of the hole by irrigation, and they can also be caught in paddy fields during spring ploughing.

2. Stacking and trapping method. The fermented and ripe feed is stacked in places where earthworms are to be trapped (such as fields and vegetable gardens). The heap height is 30-40cm, the width is 40-50cm, and the length is unlimited. Rainbows gather after 3-5 days of stacking. If 50% of the soil is mixed and fermented as feed, the trapping effect is better.

3. Excavation method. The method of digging soil with rake is simple, but the effect is poor, this method is suitable for small-scale breeding.

4. Chemical capture method. Use 15% potassium permanganate solution 7L/m2, or 0.55 formaldehyde solution 13.7L/m2 to collect earthworms, earthworms will soon climb up to the ground, the collection is very convenient.

The culture value of earthworms

1. Chinese herbal medicine: earthworms, commonly known as earthworms, are cold and salty, with the effects of clearing heat, calming the liver, relieving asthma, dredging collaterals, and treating high fever, mania, convulsions, wind-heat headache, red eyes, hemiplegia and so on. The extract has a good effect of relieving cough and asthma, and its ash mixed with rose oil can treat baldness.

2. Biological fertilizer: earthworm manure is a good biological fertilizer, which is rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, humus, organic matter and trace elements needed by crops such as magnesium, boron, nickel and manganese. It is a cheap and efficient fertilizer for fruits, flowers, vegetables and nurseries.

3. Aquatic bait: earthworms are rich in protein, fat and carbohydrates. The content of crude protein is as high as 72%. It also contains amino acids, vitamins and trace elements needed by the human body. It can not only be used as animal feed and produce drugs and cosmetics, but also can be used for human consumption.

The editor has popularized so many techniques for breeding earthworms, I believe you have a certain understanding of breeding earthworms. Earthworms have a wide range of use value, not only can be used to do some animal feed, but also a certain edible value, rich in nutrition.