Mantis shrimp's aquaculture technology how to raise mantis shrimp

Mantis shrimp's official name in the Chinese mainland area is written as "Oratosquilla". Oratosquilla is ferocious and has sharp eyesight. It feeds on meat and preys on small invertebrates. Mantis shrimp is a kind of seafood food with rich nutrition and fresh meat. Next, let's learn about mantis shrimp's breeding skills with the editor.

Mantis shrimp's culture technique

1. Water quality management

The water body keeps the dissolved oxygen above 5ml/L, the daily exchange water is 4pm, the transparency is 30cm and 50cm. Oratosquilla is a ferocious crustacean with variable temperature, and its growth, development and life activities are directly affected by environmental water temperature. The water temperature of its living area is about 6: 31 ℃, and the optimum temperature is 20-27 ℃, which belongs to the wide temperature type. Under laboratory conditions, the oratosquilla was moved directly from 17 ℃ to 5 ℃ of sea water, the body bowed immediately, slowly straightened and then went into a coma. Moving it into 33 ℃ of water, the oratosquilla first rises up and down, then falls sideways to the bottom, and only the swimming limb can swing, and three minutes later it is in a coma. Therefore, it is considered that its temperature tolerance range is 5: 33 ℃. In the case of ashamed change of water temperature, the range of temperature resistance will increase.

2. Bait management

Oratosquilla can feed on fish, shrimp and shellfish, but it is better to use fresh small shellfish to avoid water pollution. Small pieces of bait are better, should be scattered evenly in order to ingest food, and the well can increase the consumption of bait by half and reduce the killing of each other due to grabbing food. According to the characteristics of Oratosquilla lying in the daytime and coming out at night, the bait can be fed once a day in the evening, and the feeding amount is 5%-20% of the weight of the parent Oratosquilla, and increases or decreases appropriately with the egg-holding condition, water temperature, weather condition, bait species and quality status of the parent Oratosquilla. In the early stage of cultivation, the amount of feeding can be appropriately increased to provide sufficient nutritional requirements for gonadal development. Oratosquilla parents drill holes when holding eggs, and basically do not eat, so it is estimated that most of them should reduce the amount of feeding when they hold eggs. In addition, after the parent oratosquilla is hatched, it turns to grow, the food intake increases greatly, and interferes with other egg-holding oratosquilla, so it is best to use cage nets to trap out of the pond.

3. Daily management

During the cultivation period, pond patrol is a necessary work to check the influent and drainage, Oratosquilla activities and feeding, water quality, especially the discharge of larvae. Once it is found that the parent shrimp cricket discharged false flea larvae, that is, the larvae were collected into the nursery pond to raise seedlings.

4. Hatching

The spawning reproduction of Oratosquilla has strict requirements on environmental conditions, especially on sediment, caves and light. Without suitable conditions, it will not lay eggs, or even if it lays eggs, it will not hatch. Therefore, the soft mud (20cm / 30cm thick) collected from the intertidal zone should be placed at the bottom of the fiberglass cylinder (2m × 1.0 in diameter). Add seawater to 30cm away from the mud surface, soak with sodium hypochlorite for 24 hours, then neutralize and wash, and make the pH value of seawater in the tank consistent with filtered sea water, and then cover it with black cloth.

Sixteen mature individuals with large, lively and complete appendages (gonadal coefficient more than 15%) were selected and disinfected with formaldehyde and then put into the incubator. Oratosquilla has a strong ability to dig caves. as long as the bottom material and environmental conditions are suitable, the sexually mature parent Oratosquilla can complete the construction of a "u"-shaped cave in a very short time, with a large mouth with a diameter of 5 cm and a small mouth with a diameter of about 2 cm. When the water temperature rises to 2425 ℃, Oratosquilla begins to lay eggs and hold eggs in the cave.

The egg mass produced by Oratosquilla is yellow and its diameter is between 1.5 cm and 3 cm. The mature egg, which is round in shape and about 410 to 450 microns in diameter, is discharged at one time, held on the mouth with its jaw foot and kept turning, as long as the egg mass is not broken or unstimulated by external stimulation, ranging from a few hours to a few days. If there are external stimuli, such as strong light, torrent, large temperature difference in water, etc., the egg will be thrown away quickly. The cleavage form of the fertilized eggs was surface cleavage, which was incubated in running water for about 20 days at a water temperature of 26-28 ℃, and was cultivated to Oratosquilla pseudopsylla larva. During this period, the water flow should be controlled so as not to mix up in the cylinder, the effluent and influent should be equal, and 100 mesh sieve silk should be used to replace water. The dissolved oxygen content in the cylinder should be more than 5 mg / L. The spawning and hatching to the larvae are done together with the mother in the cave. When the larva leaves the cave and the mother and floats in the water, it is the abnormal oratosquilla larva. It takes 3-4 months to metamorphosis from Oratosquilla larva to Oratosquilla larva. At this time, the larvae should be separated from the original cultivation tank.

Breeding skills of mantis shrimp Culture

Mantis shrimp's spawning period is from April to September, and the peak period is from June to July. Egg-holding shrimps account for about 73%-87% of the total number of female shrimps during the blooming period. Mantis shrimp's mating took place before giving birth. The female shrimp molted first, while the male shrimp followed the mating process. After mating, eggs are often laid within 24 hours, and spawning is mostly carried out at night.

Mantis shrimp can lay eggs for 2 or 3 times in the same breeding period. When the eggs laid for the first time hatch, the eggs enter the mature stage, followed by molting mating and the second spawning. The interval between the two spawning is 20 to 25 days. In that year, prawns generally do not mature and lay eggs. The next year, the length of shrimp is mostly 4 to 6 centimeters, and the number of eggs laid is generally 600 to 5000.

Mantis shrimp's reproductive habits

Mantis shrimp lives in a water layer with a water depth of 5-60m and likes to live in U-shaped caves or gravel or reef gap towels in shallow water. Hermaphroditic, but female and male mantis shrimp are similar in appearance, the difference is that the male individual is slightly larger, and the last pair of steps in the chest is dioecious. The male has a stout second jaw foot, a pair of rod-shaped copulators on the inside of the last pair of foot bamboos in the chest, and a few seventh chest limbs also have a copula. The female does not.

During the breeding period, the white "king" shaped gelatinous gland appeared on the ventral side of the 6th-8th sternal segment of the female chest. The first anniversary of sexual maturity, mating time most scholars believe that in September-November before the female skin shrimp molting; some people think that enough to mate shortly before spawning; others think that they have mated a few months before spawning. It is common to mate once and mating again from time to time.

The breeding period is from April to September and the peak period is from May to July. In the breeding season, the fourth thoracic segment to the caudal segment of the ovary is yellowish brown, with melanin distribution on the back, and the pigment is more concentrated on the midline of the body axis. The thickness of the ovary was the thickest in the 5th and 6th segments, and the caudal segment was enlarged, full of caudal segments and fan-shaped. The testes are milky white. Mantis shrimp laid an average of 30, 000-50, 000 eggs, most of which were 200000. The number of eggs laid is related to the length of the head, chest and nail. It is reported that the biology of mantis shrimp's first sexual maturity is about 80mm. Mantis shrimp's ovarian development is not synchronous, so it can be raised many times in its breeding season.

Nutritional value of mantis shrimp

The attack appendage of all kinds of stomatopods is a kind of seafood food with rich nutrition and fresh meat. Its meat contains more moisture, the meat taste is fresh, sweet, tender and smooth, light and soft, and has a special attractive taste. Spring is the season for spawning every year, and it is best to eat at this time. The brain of the fat shrimp cricket is full of plaster fat, the meat is very fresh and tender, delicious and delicious, but it is a pity that it has more shells and less meat.

But its protein content is as high as 20%, fat 0.7%, as well as vitamins, inosinic acid, aminopropionic acid (it is suggested that the editor carefully check the data, alanine is one of the 20 natural amino acids, can be used as a nutritional ingredient, but aminopropionic acid, its structure and alanine are different, which will lead to their different biochemical functions, whether they can be used as nutrients, please consider the nutrients needed by the human body. Shrimps are warm and sweet. It has the effect of tonifying kidney and strengthening yang, dredging milk and detoxification.

According to the determination, the body dry weight of Oratosquilla contains protein 72.12%, fat 7.88%, ash 7.91%, calcium 0.38%, phosphorus 2.21%; amino acid content is comprehensive, reasonable composition, easy for human digestion and absorption, especially lysine and other essential amino acids are high, rich in glutamic acid, glycine, so the taste is delicious.

Mantis shrimp is also a common seafood in the market. Mantis shrimp is fresh. If he leaves the sea, he will not live for less than three hours. If you want to eat fresh mantis shrimp, you must remember to keep it fresh.

Mantis shrimp is currently very popular in the domestic market, and breeding mantis shrimp is a good entrepreneurial project, but mantis shrimp's breeding has high requirements on the environment and technology. therefore, the cultivation of mantis shrimp must be carried out on the premise of skillfully mastering the breeding technology. Any aquaculture has risks. We must study the market situation before deciding whether to breed it or not.