The latest culture technology of soft-shelled turtle

In recent years, small soft-shelled turtle appears frequently on our dinner table. Compared with the previous recipe of a whole soft-shelled turtle, small soft-shelled turtle is more attractive to consumers, one per person, and it tastes more delicious. As consumers' demand for small soft-shelled turtle increases, more and more people begin to breed small soft-shelled turtle. Let's take a look at how to raise small soft-shelled turtle.

The latest culture technology of soft-shelled turtle

I. Construction of soft-shelled turtle pond

Choose a place where the environment is quiet, noise-free, convenient for transportation, close to power supply, and close to the water source without pollution. It is appropriate to have an east-west rectangle. Soft-shelled turtles like quiet and afraid of sound, Xi Yang is afraid of the wind, and Xi Jie is afraid of dirty. The ponds with quiet environment, shelter from the wind and sun, and convenient drainage and irrigation should be selected as the breeding base. If the turtle farm is self-propagating, self-rearing and self-rearing, five kinds of turtle ponds should be considered: new turtle ponds, juvenile turtle ponds, juvenile turtle ponds, 3-year-old turtle ponds and adult turtle ponds. If there is no sandy soil at the bottom of the pond, it should be mixed with a part of sandy soil, and a sun table and a bait feeding platform will be built on the edge of the pond and on the edge of the pond for the soft-shelled turtle to bask in and feed on, with an anti-escape wall built around, brick and asbestos tiles can be erected, with a height of about 1m.

Second, water temperature control

The best temperature range for the growth of soft-shelled turtle is the water temperature of 20 ℃ ~ 30 ℃. The soft-shelled turtle begins to eat when the water temperature is higher than 20 ℃, and the food intake increases with the increase of water temperature. The feed conversion rate will decrease when the water temperature is lower than the optimum temperature; when the water temperature is higher than the optimum temperature, the feed conversion rate will also decrease due to the increase of activity, so the water temperature should be kept in the optimal temperature range, too high or too low will cause feed waste.

3. Stocking of seedlings

The source of soft-shelled turtle seedlings is factory breeding and professional household mass production, and the other is wild soft-shelled turtles of different sizes on the market. No matter which kind of turtle seedlings enter the pond, they must be graded and temporarily cultured for about 15 days, and then put into the culture pond after adapting to the environment. According to pond and other factors, the stocking density of 2-year-old and 3-year-old soft-shelled turtle 100~150kg per mu should not exceed 200kg at most.

IV. Feed feeding

1. Feeding method. Feeding under water is suitable for the feeding habit of soft-shelled turtle, which can accelerate the feeding speed of soft-pellet feed than that of block feed.

2. Control of feeding quantity. The feeding of soft-shelled turtle is greatly affected by the change of environmental factors. When the air temperature, water temperature and medication change, the feeding amount should be adjusted taking into account the influence on the soft-shelled turtle. Generally, the underwater feeding should be controlled within 30 minutes.

When the soft-shelled turtle is overfed, it grows too fast, which can easily lead to the increase or overload of the physiological load of the soft-shelled turtle, resulting in visceral damage and visceral diseases.

Feed choice. The feed cost accounts for about 40% of the breeding cost, and the feeding method and the quality of the selected feed determine the success or failure of breeding cost control. Through the final benefit analysis, comparing the price of high-quality feed and inferior feed and the comprehensive breeding cost, we can get out of the misunderstanding of choosing feed only to look at the price.

Note: in the past, the feed used in the soft-shelled turtle industry was mainly fresh bait (fresh fish, shrimp, etc.), but the price was expensive, and some of the quality was unqualified, and the soft-shelled turtle was easy to suffer from enteritis. The scientific method of raising soft-shelled turtles is to use natural bait. For example, you can go to nearby restaurants and canteens to collect discarded viscera, scraps and leftovers of livestock and poultry; catch snails, clams, small fish and shrimp, and all kinds of water fleas in natural waters; use natural or sporadic land to cultivate Loach and longevity snails; use ditch ridges and pond slopes to raise earthworms; lure flies to breed maggots; cultivate insects and so on. In the soft-shelled turtle favorite food, add a small amount of plant bait, such as wheat bran, corn meal, bean dregs and a small amount of melons and trace elements, processing, mixing and feeding.

V. Water quality control

The raw fish likes to be clean and afraid of dirty. a good water environment is an important condition for the stable growth of soft-shelled turtles. the control of water quality determines the success or failure of culture.

1. Oxygenation. The main purpose of water aeration is to reduce the content of harmful gases and harmful organic matter in water, and to ensure the smooth flow of oxygenation facilities. However, it is necessary to choose oxygenation within a fixed period of time to make the soft-shelled turtle form a habit and reduce the disturbance caused by oxygenation.

2. Rational use of microbial preparations. The rational use of microbial preparations can greatly save the investment in water quality control and other aspects.

3. Sewage discharge and water exchange. Regular discharge is an effective means to control water quality, and water exchange is the most direct way to regulate water quality. the amount of water should be determined according to the water quality.

4. although the soft-shelled turtle breathes through the lungs, it lives in the water most of the time, so the water quality is still very important to the growth of the soft-shelled turtle. The young soft-shelled turtle should keep the water depth 0.3 to 0.4 m, change the water every 3 days, and the water color should be green, so that they can hide each other and reduce the chance of mutual injury. Water hyacinth and other green plants to improve water quality. The water of the adult turtle pond is changed once every 4 days, and the amount of water is 1 to 4 each time, keeping the water quality fresh, sufficient dissolved oxygen and proper fertility.

VI. Disease control

The juvenile armour should be disinfected before entering the pool and soaked in 2 ‰ saline solution for 30 minutes before entering the pool. Beware of the occurrence of mycosis before the body weight of the soft-shelled turtle is 50 grams. At this stage, the physique of juvenile nails should be strengthened and mechanical damage should be avoided. When the soft-shelled turtles weigh 50-150 grams, beware of the occurrence of white spot disease, and bromine and chlorine preparations are the main daily disinfection; weight 50 grams to adult nail, beware of the occurrence of furunculosis.

With advanced aquaculture technology, we no longer need to raise small turtles. As long as you use the right farming techniques, farming will no longer be a problem. It's just that the common problem in the aquaculture industry is that the market fluctuates greatly, so we must grasp the market well and avoid causing losses.